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<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/preface.html');" title="Preface"> Preface </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/intro-whatis.html');" title="1. What is PostgreSQL?"> 1. What is PostgreSQL? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/history.html');" title="2. A Brief History of PostgreSQL"> 2. A Brief History of PostgreSQL </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/history.html#HISTORY-BERKELEY');" title="2.1. The Berkeley POSTGRES Project"> 2.1. The Berkeley POSTGRES Project </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/history.html#HISTORY-POSTGRES95');" title="2.2. Postgres95"> 2.2. Postgres95 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/history.html#id-1.3.5.6');" title="2.3. PostgreSQL"> 2.3. PostgreSQL </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/notation.html');" title="3. Conventions"> 3. Conventions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/resources.html');" title="4. Further Information"> 4. Further Information </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/bug-reporting.html');" title="5. Bug Reporting Guidelines"> 5. Bug Reporting Guidelines </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/bug-reporting.html#id-1.3.8.5');" title="5.1. Identifying Bugs"> 5.1. Identifying Bugs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/bug-reporting.html#id-1.3.8.6');" title="5.2. What to Report"> 5.2. What to Report </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/bug-reporting.html#id-1.3.8.7');" title="5.3. Where to Report Bugs"> 5.3. Where to Report Bugs </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial.html');" title="I. Tutorial"> I. Tutorial </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-start.html');" title="1. Getting Started"> 1. Getting Started </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-install.html');" title="1.1. Installation"> 1.1. Installation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-arch.html');" title="1.2. Architectural Fundamentals"> 1.2. Architectural Fundamentals </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-createdb.html');" title="1.3. Creating a Database"> 1.3. Creating a Database </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-accessdb.html');" title="1.4. Accessing a Database"> 1.4. Accessing a Database </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-sql.html');" title="2. The SQL Language"> 2. The SQL Language </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-sql-intro.html');" title="2.1. Introduction"> 2.1. Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-concepts.html');" title="2.2. Concepts"> 2.2. Concepts </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-table.html');" title="2.3. Creating a New Table"> 2.3. Creating a New Table </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-populate.html');" title="2.4. Populating a Table With Rows"> 2.4. Populating a Table With Rows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-select.html');" title="2.5. Querying a Table"> 2.5. Querying a Table </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-join.html');" title="2.6. Joins Between Tables"> 2.6. Joins Between Tables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-agg.html');" title="2.7. Aggregate Functions"> 2.7. Aggregate Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-update.html');" title="2.8. Updates"> 2.8. Updates </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-delete.html');" title="2.9. Deletions"> 2.9. Deletions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-advanced.html');" title="3. Advanced Features"> 3. Advanced Features </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-advanced-intro.html');" title="3.1. Introduction"> 3.1. Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-views.html');" title="3.2. Views"> 3.2. Views </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-fk.html');" title="3.3. Foreign Keys"> 3.3. Foreign Keys </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-transactions.html');" title="3.4. Transactions"> 3.4. Transactions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-window.html');" title="3.5. Window Functions"> 3.5. Window Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-inheritance.html');" title="3.6. Inheritance"> 3.6. Inheritance </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-conclusion.html');" title="3.7. Conclusion"> 3.7. Conclusion </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql.html');" title="II. The SQL Language"> II. The SQL Language </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-syntax.html');" title="4. SQL Syntax"> 4. SQL Syntax </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-syntax-lexical.html');" title="4.1. Lexical Structure"> 4.1. Lexical Structure </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-expressions.html');" title="4.2. Value Expressions"> 4.2. Value Expressions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-syntax-calling-funcs.html');" title="4.3. Calling Functions"> 4.3. Calling Functions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ddl.html');" title="5. Data Definition"> 5. Data Definition </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ddl-basics.html');" title="5.1. Table Basics"> 5.1. Table Basics </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ddl-default.html');" title="5.2. Default Values"> 5.2. Default Values </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ddl-constraints.html');" title="5.3. Constraints"> 5.3. Constraints </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ddl-system-columns.html');" title="5.4. System Columns"> 5.4. System Columns </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ddl-alter.html');" title="5.5. Modifying Tables"> 5.5. Modifying Tables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ddl-priv.html');" title="5.6. Privileges"> 5.6. Privileges </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ddl-rowsecurity.html');" title="5.7. Row Security Policies"> 5.7. Row Security Policies </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ddl-schemas.html');" title="5.8. Schemas"> 5.8. Schemas </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ddl-inherit.html');" title="5.9. Inheritance"> 5.9. Inheritance </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ddl-partitioning.html');" title="5.10. Table Partitioning"> 5.10. Table Partitioning </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ddl-foreign-data.html');" title="5.11. Foreign Data"> 5.11. Foreign Data </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ddl-others.html');" title="5.12. Other Database Objects"> 5.12. Other Database Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ddl-depend.html');" title="5.13. Dependency Tracking"> 5.13. Dependency Tracking </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/dml.html');" title="6. Data Manipulation"> 6. Data Manipulation </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/dml-insert.html');" title="6.1. Inserting Data"> 6.1. Inserting Data </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/dml-update.html');" title="6.2. Updating Data"> 6.2. Updating Data </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/dml-delete.html');" title="6.3. Deleting Data"> 6.3. Deleting Data </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/dml-returning.html');" title="6.4. Returning Data From Modified Rows"> 6.4. Returning Data From Modified Rows </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/queries.html');" title="7. Queries"> 7. Queries </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/queries-overview.html');" title="7.1. Overview"> 7.1. Overview </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/queries-table-expressions.html');" title="7.2. Table Expressions"> 7.2. Table Expressions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/queries-select-lists.html');" title="7.3. Select Lists"> 7.3. Select Lists </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/queries-union.html');" title="7.4. Combining Queries"> 7.4. Combining Queries </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/queries-order.html');" title="7.5. Sorting Rows"> 7.5. Sorting Rows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/queries-limit.html');" title="7.6. LIMIT and OFFSET"> 7.6. LIMIT and OFFSET </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/queries-values.html');" title="7.7. VALUES Lists"> 7.7. VALUES Lists </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/queries-with.html');" title="7.8. WITH Queries (Common Table Expressions)"> 7.8. WITH Queries (Common Table Expressions) </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datatype.html');" title="8. Data Types"> 8. Data Types </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datatype-numeric.html');" title="8.1. Numeric Types"> 8.1. Numeric Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datatype-money.html');" title="8.2. Monetary Types"> 8.2. Monetary Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datatype-character.html');" title="8.3. Character Types"> 8.3. Character Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datatype-binary.html');" title="8.4. Binary Data Types"> 8.4. Binary Data Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datatype-datetime.html');" title="8.5. Date/Time Types"> 8.5. Date/Time Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datatype-boolean.html');" title="8.6. Boolean Type"> 8.6. Boolean Type </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datatype-enum.html');" title="8.7. Enumerated Types"> 8.7. Enumerated Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datatype-geometric.html');" title="8.8. Geometric Types"> 8.8. Geometric Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datatype-net-types.html');" title="8.9. Network Address Types"> 8.9. Network Address Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datatype-bit.html');" title="8.10. Bit String Types"> 8.10. Bit String Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datatype-textsearch.html');" title="8.11. Text Search Types"> 8.11. Text Search Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datatype-uuid.html');" title="8.12. UUID Type"> 8.12. UUID Type </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datatype-xml.html');" title="8.13. XML Type"> 8.13. XML Type </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datatype-json.html');" title="8.14. JSON Types"> 8.14. JSON Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/arrays.html');" title="8.15. Arrays"> 8.15. Arrays </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/rowtypes.html');" title="8.16. Composite Types"> 8.16. Composite Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/rangetypes.html');" title="8.17. Range Types"> 8.17. Range Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datatype-oid.html');" title="8.18. Object Identifier Types"> 8.18. Object Identifier Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datatype-pg-lsn.html');" title="8.19. pg_lsn Type"> 8.19. pg_lsn Type </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datatype-pseudo.html');" title="8.20. Pseudo-Types"> 8.20. Pseudo-Types </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions.html');" title="9. Functions and Operators"> 9. Functions and Operators </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-logical.html');" title="9.1. Logical Operators"> 9.1. Logical Operators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-comparison.html');" title="9.2. Comparison Functions and Operators"> 9.2. Comparison Functions and Operators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-math.html');" title="9.3. Mathematical Functions and Operators"> 9.3. Mathematical Functions and Operators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-string.html');" title="9.4. String Functions and Operators"> 9.4. String Functions and Operators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-binarystring.html');" title="9.5. Binary String Functions and Operators"> 9.5. Binary String Functions and Operators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-bitstring.html');" title="9.6. Bit String Functions and Operators"> 9.6. Bit String Functions and Operators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-matching.html');" title="9.7. Pattern Matching"> 9.7. Pattern Matching </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-formatting.html');" title="9.8. Data Type Formatting Functions"> 9.8. Data Type Formatting Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-datetime.html');" title="9.9. Date/Time Functions and Operators"> 9.9. Date/Time Functions and Operators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-enum.html');" title="9.10. Enum Support Functions"> 9.10. Enum Support Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-geometry.html');" title="9.11. Geometric Functions and Operators"> 9.11. Geometric Functions and Operators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-net.html');" title="9.12. Network Address Functions and Operators"> 9.12. Network Address Functions and Operators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-textsearch.html');" title="9.13. Text Search Functions and Operators"> 9.13. Text Search Functions and Operators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-xml.html');" title="9.14. XML Functions"> 9.14. XML Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-json.html');" title="9.15. JSON Functions and Operators"> 9.15. JSON Functions and Operators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-sequence.html');" title="9.16. Sequence Manipulation Functions"> 9.16. Sequence Manipulation Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-conditional.html');" title="9.17. Conditional Expressions"> 9.17. Conditional Expressions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-array.html');" title="9.18. Array Functions and Operators"> 9.18. Array Functions and Operators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-range.html');" title="9.19. Range Functions and Operators"> 9.19. Range Functions and Operators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-aggregate.html');" title="9.20. Aggregate Functions"> 9.20. Aggregate Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-window.html');" title="9.21. Window Functions"> 9.21. Window Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-subquery.html');" title="9.22. Subquery Expressions"> 9.22. Subquery Expressions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-comparisons.html');" title="9.23. Row and Array Comparisons"> 9.23. Row and Array Comparisons </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-srf.html');" title="9.24. Set Returning Functions"> 9.24. Set Returning Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-info.html');" title="9.25. System Information Functions"> 9.25. System Information Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-admin.html');" title="9.26. System Administration Functions"> 9.26. System Administration Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-trigger.html');" title="9.27. Trigger Functions"> 9.27. Trigger Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions-event-triggers.html');" title="9.28. Event Trigger Functions"> 9.28. Event Trigger Functions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/typeconv.html');" title="10. Type Conversion"> 10. Type Conversion </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/typeconv-overview.html');" title="10.1. Overview"> 10.1. Overview </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/typeconv-oper.html');" title="10.2. Operators"> 10.2. Operators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/typeconv-func.html');" title="10.3. Functions"> 10.3. Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/typeconv-query.html');" title="10.4. Value Storage"> 10.4. Value Storage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/typeconv-union-case.html');" title="10.5. UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs"> 10.5. UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/typeconv-select.html');" title="10.6. SELECT Output Columns"> 10.6. SELECT Output Columns </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/indexes.html');" title="11. Indexes"> 11. Indexes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/indexes-intro.html');" title="11.1. Introduction"> 11.1. Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/indexes-types.html');" title="11.2. Index Types"> 11.2. Index Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/indexes-multicolumn.html');" title="11.3. Multicolumn Indexes"> 11.3. Multicolumn Indexes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/indexes-ordering.html');" title="11.4. Indexes and ORDER BY"> 11.4. Indexes and ORDER BY </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/indexes-bitmap-scans.html');" title="11.5. Combining Multiple Indexes"> 11.5. Combining Multiple Indexes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/indexes-unique.html');" title="11.6. Unique Indexes"> 11.6. Unique Indexes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/indexes-expressional.html');" title="11.7. Indexes on Expressions"> 11.7. Indexes on Expressions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/indexes-partial.html');" title="11.8. Partial Indexes"> 11.8. Partial Indexes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/indexes-opclass.html');" title="11.9. Operator Classes and Operator Families"> 11.9. Operator Classes and Operator Families </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/indexes-collations.html');" title="11.10. Indexes and Collations"> 11.10. Indexes and Collations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/indexes-index-only-scans.html');" title="11.11. Index-Only Scans"> 11.11. Index-Only Scans </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/indexes-examine.html');" title="11.12. Examining Index Usage"> 11.12. Examining Index Usage </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/textsearch.html');" title="12. Full Text Search"> 12. Full Text Search </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/textsearch-intro.html');" title="12.1. Introduction"> 12.1. Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/textsearch-tables.html');" title="12.2. Tables and Indexes"> 12.2. Tables and Indexes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/textsearch-controls.html');" title="12.3. Controlling Text Search"> 12.3. Controlling Text Search </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/textsearch-features.html');" title="12.4. Additional Features"> 12.4. Additional Features </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/textsearch-parsers.html');" title="12.5. Parsers"> 12.5. Parsers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/textsearch-dictionaries.html');" title="12.6. Dictionaries"> 12.6. Dictionaries </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/textsearch-configuration.html');" title="12.7. Configuration Example"> 12.7. Configuration Example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/textsearch-debugging.html');" title="12.8. Testing and Debugging Text Search"> 12.8. Testing and Debugging Text Search </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/textsearch-indexes.html');" title="12.9. GIN and GiST Index Types"> 12.9. GIN and GiST Index Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/textsearch-psql.html');" title="12.10. psql Support"> 12.10. psql Support </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/textsearch-limitations.html');" title="12.11. Limitations"> 12.11. Limitations </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/mvcc.html');" title="13. Concurrency Control"> 13. Concurrency Control </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/mvcc-intro.html');" title="13.1. Introduction"> 13.1. Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/transaction-iso.html');" title="13.2. Transaction Isolation"> 13.2. Transaction Isolation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/explicit-locking.html');" title="13.3. Explicit Locking"> 13.3. Explicit Locking </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/applevel-consistency.html');" title="13.4. Data Consistency Checks at the Application Level"> 13.4. Data Consistency Checks at the Application Level </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/mvcc-caveats.html');" title="13.5. Caveats"> 13.5. Caveats </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/locking-indexes.html');" title="13.6. Locking and Indexes"> 13.6. Locking and Indexes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/performance-tips.html');" title="14. Performance Tips"> 14. Performance Tips </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/using-explain.html');" title="14.1. Using EXPLAIN"> 14.1. Using EXPLAIN </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/planner-stats.html');" title="14.2. Statistics Used by the Planner"> 14.2. Statistics Used by the Planner </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/explicit-joins.html');" title="14.3. Controlling the Planner with Explicit JOIN Clauses"> 14.3. Controlling the Planner with Explicit JOIN Clauses </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/populate.html');" title="14.4. Populating a Database"> 14.4. Populating a Database </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/non-durability.html');" title="14.5. Non-Durable Settings"> 14.5. Non-Durable Settings </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/parallel-query.html');" title="15. Parallel Query"> 15. Parallel Query </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/how-parallel-query-works.html');" title="15.1. How Parallel Query Works"> 15.1. How Parallel Query Works </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/when-can-parallel-query-be-used.html');" title="15.2. When Can Parallel Query Be Used?"> 15.2. When Can Parallel Query Be Used? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/parallel-plans.html');" title="15.3. Parallel Plans"> 15.3. Parallel Plans </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/parallel-safety.html');" title="15.4. Parallel Safety"> 15.4. Parallel Safety </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/admin.html');" title="III. Server Administration"> III. Server Administration </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/installation.html');" title="16. Installation from Source Code"> 16. Installation from Source Code </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/install-short.html');" title="16.1. Short Version"> 16.1. Short Version </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/install-requirements.html');" title="16.2. Requirements"> 16.2. Requirements </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/install-getsource.html');" title="16.3. Getting The Source"> 16.3. Getting The Source </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/install-procedure.html');" title="16.4. Installation Procedure"> 16.4. Installation Procedure </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/install-post.html');" title="16.5. Post-Installation Setup"> 16.5. Post-Installation Setup </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/supported-platforms.html');" title="16.6. Supported Platforms"> 16.6. Supported Platforms </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/installation-platform-notes.html');" title="16.7. Platform-specific Notes"> 16.7. Platform-specific Notes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/install-windows.html');" title="17. Installation from Source Code on Windows"> 17. Installation from Source Code on Windows </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/install-windows-full.html');" title="17.1. Building with Visual C++ or the Microsoft Windows SDK"> 17.1. Building with Visual C++ or the Microsoft Windows SDK </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/runtime.html');" title="18. Server Setup and Operation"> 18. Server Setup and Operation </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/postgres-user.html');" title="18.1. The PostgreSQL User Account"> 18.1. The PostgreSQL User Account </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/creating-cluster.html');" title="18.2. Creating a Database Cluster"> 18.2. Creating a Database Cluster </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/server-start.html');" title="18.3. Starting the Database Server"> 18.3. Starting the Database Server </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/kernel-resources.html');" title="18.4. Managing Kernel Resources"> 18.4. Managing Kernel Resources </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/server-shutdown.html');" title="18.5. Shutting Down the Server"> 18.5. Shutting Down the Server </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/upgrading.html');" title="18.6. Upgrading a PostgreSQL Cluster"> 18.6. Upgrading a PostgreSQL Cluster </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/preventing-server-spoofing.html');" title="18.7. Preventing Server Spoofing"> 18.7. Preventing Server Spoofing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/encryption-options.html');" title="18.8. Encryption Options"> 18.8. Encryption Options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ssl-tcp.html');" title="18.9. Secure TCP/IP Connections with SSL"> 18.9. Secure TCP/IP Connections with SSL </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ssh-tunnels.html');" title="18.10. Secure TCP/IP Connections with SSH Tunnels"> 18.10. Secure TCP/IP Connections with SSH Tunnels </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/event-log-registration.html');" title="18.11. Registering Event Log on Windows"> 18.11. Registering Event Log on Windows </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/runtime-config.html');" title="19. Server Configuration"> 19. Server Configuration </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/config-setting.html');" title="19.1. Setting Parameters"> 19.1. Setting Parameters </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/runtime-config-file-locations.html');" title="19.2. File Locations"> 19.2. File Locations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/runtime-config-connection.html');" title="19.3. Connections and Authentication"> 19.3. Connections and Authentication </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/runtime-config-resource.html');" title="19.4. Resource Consumption"> 19.4. Resource Consumption </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/runtime-config-wal.html');" title="19.5. Write Ahead Log"> 19.5. Write Ahead Log </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/runtime-config-replication.html');" title="19.6. Replication"> 19.6. Replication </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/runtime-config-query.html');" title="19.7. Query Planning"> 19.7. Query Planning </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/runtime-config-logging.html');" title="19.8. Error Reporting and Logging"> 19.8. Error Reporting and Logging </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/runtime-config-statistics.html');" title="19.9. Run-time Statistics"> 19.9. Run-time Statistics </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/runtime-config-autovacuum.html');" title="19.10. Automatic Vacuuming"> 19.10. Automatic Vacuuming </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/runtime-config-client.html');" title="19.11. Client Connection Defaults"> 19.11. Client Connection Defaults </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/runtime-config-locks.html');" title="19.12. Lock Management"> 19.12. Lock Management </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/runtime-config-compatible.html');" title="19.13. Version and Platform Compatibility"> 19.13. Version and Platform Compatibility </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/runtime-config-error-handling.html');" title="19.14. Error Handling"> 19.14. Error Handling </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/runtime-config-preset.html');" title="19.15. Preset Options"> 19.15. Preset Options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/runtime-config-custom.html');" title="19.16. Customized Options"> 19.16. Customized Options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/runtime-config-developer.html');" title="19.17. Developer Options"> 19.17. Developer Options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/runtime-config-short.html');" title="19.18. Short Options"> 19.18. Short Options </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/client-authentication.html');" title="20. Client Authentication"> 20. Client Authentication </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/auth-pg-hba-conf.html');" title="20.1. The pg_hba.conf File"> 20.1. The pg_hba.conf File </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/auth-username-maps.html');" title="20.2. User Name Maps"> 20.2. User Name Maps </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/auth-methods.html');" title="20.3. Authentication Methods"> 20.3. Authentication Methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/client-authentication-problems.html');" title="20.4. Authentication Problems"> 20.4. Authentication Problems </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/user-manag.html');" title="21. Database Roles"> 21. Database Roles </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/database-roles.html');" title="21.1. Database Roles"> 21.1. Database Roles </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/role-attributes.html');" title="21.2. Role Attributes"> 21.2. Role Attributes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/role-membership.html');" title="21.3. Role Membership"> 21.3. Role Membership </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/role-removal.html');" title="21.4. Dropping Roles"> 21.4. Dropping Roles </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/default-roles.html');" title="21.5. Default Roles"> 21.5. Default Roles </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/perm-functions.html');" title="21.6. Function Security"> 21.6. Function Security </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/managing-databases.html');" title="22. Managing Databases"> 22. Managing Databases </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/manage-ag-overview.html');" title="22.1. Overview"> 22.1. Overview </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/manage-ag-createdb.html');" title="22.2. Creating a Database"> 22.2. Creating a Database </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/manage-ag-templatedbs.html');" title="22.3. Template Databases"> 22.3. Template Databases </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/manage-ag-config.html');" title="22.4. Database Configuration"> 22.4. Database Configuration </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/manage-ag-dropdb.html');" title="22.5. Destroying a Database"> 22.5. Destroying a Database </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/manage-ag-tablespaces.html');" title="22.6. Tablespaces"> 22.6. Tablespaces </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/charset.html');" title="23. Localization"> 23. Localization </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/locale.html');" title="23.1. Locale Support"> 23.1. Locale Support </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/collation.html');" title="23.2. Collation Support"> 23.2. Collation Support </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/multibyte.html');" title="23.3. Character Set Support"> 23.3. Character Set Support </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/maintenance.html');" title="24. Routine Database Maintenance Tasks"> 24. Routine Database Maintenance Tasks </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/routine-vacuuming.html');" title="24.1. Routine Vacuuming"> 24.1. Routine Vacuuming </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/routine-reindex.html');" title="24.2. Routine Reindexing"> 24.2. Routine Reindexing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logfile-maintenance.html');" title="24.3. Log File Maintenance"> 24.3. Log File Maintenance </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/backup.html');" title="25. Backup and Restore"> 25. Backup and Restore </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/backup-dump.html');" title="25.1. SQL Dump"> 25.1. SQL Dump </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/backup-file.html');" title="25.2. File System Level Backup"> 25.2. File System Level Backup </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/continuous-archiving.html');" title="25.3. Continuous Archiving and Point-in-Time Recovery (PITR)"> 25.3. Continuous Archiving and Point-in-Time Recovery (PITR) </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/high-availability.html');" title="26. High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication"> 26. High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/different-replication-solutions.html');" title="26.1. Comparison of Different Solutions"> 26.1. Comparison of Different Solutions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/warm-standby.html');" title="26.2. Log-Shipping Standby Servers"> 26.2. Log-Shipping Standby Servers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/warm-standby-failover.html');" title="26.3. Failover"> 26.3. Failover </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/log-shipping-alternative.html');" title="26.4. Alternative Method for Log Shipping"> 26.4. Alternative Method for Log Shipping </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/hot-standby.html');" title="26.5. Hot Standby"> 26.5. Hot Standby </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/recovery-config.html');" title="27. Recovery Configuration"> 27. Recovery Configuration </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/archive-recovery-settings.html');" title="27.1. Archive Recovery Settings"> 27.1. Archive Recovery Settings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/recovery-target-settings.html');" title="27.2. Recovery Target Settings"> 27.2. Recovery Target Settings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/standby-settings.html');" title="27.3. Standby Server Settings"> 27.3. Standby Server Settings </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/monitoring.html');" title="28. Monitoring Database Activity"> 28. Monitoring Database Activity </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/monitoring-ps.html');" title="28.1. Standard Unix Tools"> 28.1. Standard Unix Tools </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/monitoring-stats.html');" title="28.2. The Statistics Collector"> 28.2. The Statistics Collector </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/monitoring-locks.html');" title="28.3. Viewing Locks"> 28.3. Viewing Locks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/progress-reporting.html');" title="28.4. Progress Reporting"> 28.4. Progress Reporting </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/dynamic-trace.html');" title="28.5. Dynamic Tracing"> 28.5. Dynamic Tracing </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/diskusage.html');" title="29. Monitoring Disk Usage"> 29. Monitoring Disk Usage </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/disk-usage.html');" title="29.1. Determining Disk Usage"> 29.1. Determining Disk Usage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/disk-full.html');" title="29.2. Disk Full Failure"> 29.2. Disk Full Failure </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/wal.html');" title="30. Reliability and the Write-Ahead Log"> 30. Reliability and the Write-Ahead Log </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/wal-reliability.html');" title="30.1. Reliability"> 30.1. Reliability </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/wal-intro.html');" title="30.2. Write-Ahead Logging (WAL)"> 30.2. Write-Ahead Logging (WAL) </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/wal-async-commit.html');" title="30.3. Asynchronous Commit"> 30.3. Asynchronous Commit </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/wal-configuration.html');" title="30.4. WAL Configuration"> 30.4. WAL Configuration </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/wal-internals.html');" title="30.5. WAL Internals"> 30.5. WAL Internals </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logical-replication.html');" title="31. Logical Replication"> 31. Logical Replication </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logical-replication-publication.html');" title="31.1. Publication"> 31.1. Publication </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logical-replication-subscription.html');" title="31.2. Subscription"> 31.2. Subscription </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logical-replication-conflicts.html');" title="31.3. Conflicts"> 31.3. Conflicts </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logical-replication-restrictions.html');" title="31.4. Restrictions"> 31.4. Restrictions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logical-replication-architecture.html');" title="31.5. Architecture"> 31.5. Architecture </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logical-replication-monitoring.html');" title="31.6. Monitoring"> 31.6. Monitoring </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logical-replication-security.html');" title="31.7. Security"> 31.7. Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logical-replication-config.html');" title="31.8. Configuration Settings"> 31.8. Configuration Settings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logical-replication-quick-setup.html');" title="31.9. Quick Setup"> 31.9. Quick Setup </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/regress.html');" title="32. Regression Tests"> 32. Regression Tests </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/regress-run.html');" title="32.1. Running the Tests"> 32.1. Running the Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/regress-evaluation.html');" title="32.2. Test Evaluation"> 32.2. Test Evaluation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/regress-variant.html');" title="32.3. Variant Comparison Files"> 32.3. Variant Comparison Files </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/regress-tap.html');" title="32.4. TAP Tests"> 32.4. TAP Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/regress-coverage.html');" title="32.5. Test Coverage Examination"> 32.5. Test Coverage Examination </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/client-interfaces.html');" title="IV. Client Interfaces"> IV. Client Interfaces </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq.html');" title="33. libpq - C Library"> 33. libpq - C Library </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq-connect.html');" title="33.1. Database Connection Control Functions"> 33.1. Database Connection Control Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq-status.html');" title="33.2. Connection Status Functions"> 33.2. Connection Status Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq-exec.html');" title="33.3. Command Execution Functions"> 33.3. Command Execution Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq-async.html');" title="33.4. Asynchronous Command Processing"> 33.4. Asynchronous Command Processing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq-single-row-mode.html');" title="33.5. Retrieving Query Results Row-By-Row"> 33.5. Retrieving Query Results Row-By-Row </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq-cancel.html');" title="33.6. Canceling Queries in Progress"> 33.6. Canceling Queries in Progress </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq-fastpath.html');" title="33.7. The Fast-Path Interface"> 33.7. The Fast-Path Interface </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq-notify.html');" title="33.8. Asynchronous Notification"> 33.8. Asynchronous Notification </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq-copy.html');" title="33.9. Functions Associated with the COPY Command"> 33.9. Functions Associated with the COPY Command </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq-control.html');" title="33.10. Control Functions"> 33.10. Control Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq-misc.html');" title="33.11. Miscellaneous Functions"> 33.11. Miscellaneous Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq-notice-processing.html');" title="33.12. Notice Processing"> 33.12. Notice Processing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq-events.html');" title="33.13. Event System"> 33.13. Event System </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq-envars.html');" title="33.14. Environment Variables"> 33.14. Environment Variables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq-pgpass.html');" title="33.15. The Password File"> 33.15. The Password File </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq-pgservice.html');" title="33.16. The Connection Service File"> 33.16. The Connection Service File </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq-ldap.html');" title="33.17. LDAP Lookup of Connection Parameters"> 33.17. LDAP Lookup of Connection Parameters </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq-ssl.html');" title="33.18. SSL Support"> 33.18. SSL Support </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq-threading.html');" title="33.19. Behavior in Threaded Programs"> 33.19. Behavior in Threaded Programs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq-build.html');" title="33.20. Building libpq Programs"> 33.20. Building libpq Programs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq-example.html');" title="33.21. Example Programs"> 33.21. Example Programs </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/largeobjects.html');" title="34. Large Objects"> 34. Large Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/lo-intro.html');" title="34.1. Introduction"> 34.1. Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/lo-implementation.html');" title="34.2. Implementation Features"> 34.2. Implementation Features </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/lo-interfaces.html');" title="34.3. Client Interfaces"> 34.3. Client Interfaces </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/lo-funcs.html');" title="34.4. Server-side Functions"> 34.4. Server-side Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/lo-examplesect.html');" title="34.5. Example Program"> 34.5. Example Program </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ecpg.html');" title="35. ECPG - Embedded SQL in C"> 35. ECPG - Embedded SQL in C </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ecpg-concept.html');" title="35.1. The Concept"> 35.1. The Concept </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ecpg-connect.html');" title="35.2. Managing Database Connections"> 35.2. Managing Database Connections </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ecpg-commands.html');" title="35.3. Running SQL Commands"> 35.3. Running SQL Commands </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ecpg-variables.html');" title="35.4. Using Host Variables"> 35.4. Using Host Variables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ecpg-dynamic.html');" title="35.5. Dynamic SQL"> 35.5. Dynamic SQL </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ecpg-pgtypes.html');" title="35.6. pgtypes Library"> 35.6. pgtypes Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ecpg-descriptors.html');" title="35.7. Using Descriptor Areas"> 35.7. Using Descriptor Areas </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ecpg-errors.html');" title="35.8. Error Handling"> 35.8. Error Handling </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ecpg-preproc.html');" title="35.9. Preprocessor Directives"> 35.9. Preprocessor Directives </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ecpg-process.html');" title="35.10. Processing Embedded SQL Programs"> 35.10. Processing Embedded SQL Programs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ecpg-library.html');" title="35.11. Library Functions"> 35.11. Library Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ecpg-lo.html');" title="35.12. Large Objects"> 35.12. Large Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ecpg-cpp.html');" title="35.13. C++ Applications"> 35.13. C++ Applications </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ecpg-sql-commands.html');" title="35.14. Embedded SQL Commands"> 35.14. Embedded SQL Commands </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ecpg-informix-compat.html');" title="35.15. Informix Compatibility Mode"> 35.15. Informix Compatibility Mode </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ecpg-develop.html');" title="35.16. Internals"> 35.16. Internals </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/information-schema.html');" title="36. The Information Schema"> 36. The Information Schema </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-schema.html');" title="36.1. The Schema"> 36.1. The Schema </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-datatypes.html');" title="36.2. Data Types"> 36.2. Data Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-information-schema-catalog-name.html');" title="36.3. information_schema_catalog_name"> 36.3. information_schema_catalog_name </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-administrable-role-authorizations.html');" title="36.4. administrable_role_authorizations"> 36.4. administrable_role_authorizations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-applicable-roles.html');" title="36.5. applicable_roles"> 36.5. applicable_roles </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-attributes.html');" title="36.6. attributes"> 36.6. attributes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-character-sets.html');" title="36.7. character_sets"> 36.7. character_sets </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-check-constraint-routine-usage.html');" title="36.8. check_constraint_routine_usage"> 36.8. check_constraint_routine_usage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-check-constraints.html');" title="36.9. check_constraints"> 36.9. check_constraints </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-collations.html');" title="36.10. collations"> 36.10. collations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-collation-character-set-applicab.html');" title="36.11. collation_character_set_applicability"> 36.11. collation_character_set_applicability </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-column-domain-usage.html');" title="36.12. column_domain_usage"> 36.12. column_domain_usage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-column-options.html');" title="36.13. column_options"> 36.13. column_options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-column-privileges.html');" title="36.14. column_privileges"> 36.14. column_privileges </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-column-udt-usage.html');" title="36.15. column_udt_usage"> 36.15. column_udt_usage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-columns.html');" title="36.16. columns"> 36.16. columns </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-constraint-column-usage.html');" title="36.17. constraint_column_usage"> 36.17. constraint_column_usage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-constraint-table-usage.html');" title="36.18. constraint_table_usage"> 36.18. constraint_table_usage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-data-type-privileges.html');" title="36.19. data_type_privileges"> 36.19. data_type_privileges </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-domain-constraints.html');" title="36.20. domain_constraints"> 36.20. domain_constraints </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-domain-udt-usage.html');" title="36.21. domain_udt_usage"> 36.21. domain_udt_usage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-domains.html');" title="36.22. domains"> 36.22. domains </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-element-types.html');" title="36.23. element_types"> 36.23. element_types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-enabled-roles.html');" title="36.24. enabled_roles"> 36.24. enabled_roles </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-foreign-data-wrapper-options.html');" title="36.25. foreign_data_wrapper_options"> 36.25. foreign_data_wrapper_options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-foreign-data-wrappers.html');" title="36.26. foreign_data_wrappers"> 36.26. foreign_data_wrappers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-foreign-server-options.html');" title="36.27. foreign_server_options"> 36.27. foreign_server_options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-foreign-servers.html');" title="36.28. foreign_servers"> 36.28. foreign_servers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-foreign-table-options.html');" title="36.29. foreign_table_options"> 36.29. foreign_table_options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-foreign-tables.html');" title="36.30. foreign_tables"> 36.30. foreign_tables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-key-column-usage.html');" title="36.31. key_column_usage"> 36.31. key_column_usage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-parameters.html');" title="36.32. parameters"> 36.32. parameters </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-referential-constraints.html');" title="36.33. referential_constraints"> 36.33. referential_constraints </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-role-column-grants.html');" title="36.34. role_column_grants"> 36.34. role_column_grants </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-role-routine-grants.html');" title="36.35. role_routine_grants"> 36.35. role_routine_grants </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-role-table-grants.html');" title="36.36. role_table_grants"> 36.36. role_table_grants </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-role-udt-grants.html');" title="36.37. role_udt_grants"> 36.37. role_udt_grants </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-role-usage-grants.html');" title="36.38. role_usage_grants"> 36.38. role_usage_grants </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-routine-privileges.html');" title="36.39. routine_privileges"> 36.39. routine_privileges </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-routines.html');" title="36.40. routines"> 36.40. routines </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-schemata.html');" title="36.41. schemata"> 36.41. schemata </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-sequences.html');" title="36.42. sequences"> 36.42. sequences </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-sql-features.html');" title="36.43. sql_features"> 36.43. sql_features </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-sql-implementation-info.html');" title="36.44. sql_implementation_info"> 36.44. sql_implementation_info </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-sql-languages.html');" title="36.45. sql_languages"> 36.45. sql_languages </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-sql-packages.html');" title="36.46. sql_packages"> 36.46. sql_packages </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-sql-parts.html');" title="36.47. sql_parts"> 36.47. sql_parts </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-sql-sizing.html');" title="36.48. sql_sizing"> 36.48. sql_sizing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-sql-sizing-profiles.html');" title="36.49. sql_sizing_profiles"> 36.49. sql_sizing_profiles </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-table-constraints.html');" title="36.50. table_constraints"> 36.50. table_constraints </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-table-privileges.html');" title="36.51. table_privileges"> 36.51. table_privileges </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-tables.html');" title="36.52. tables"> 36.52. tables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-transforms.html');" title="36.53. transforms"> 36.53. transforms </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-triggered-update-columns.html');" title="36.54. triggered_update_columns"> 36.54. triggered_update_columns </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-triggers.html');" title="36.55. triggers"> 36.55. triggers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-udt-privileges.html');" title="36.56. udt_privileges"> 36.56. udt_privileges </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-usage-privileges.html');" title="36.57. usage_privileges"> 36.57. usage_privileges </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-user-defined-types.html');" title="36.58. user_defined_types"> 36.58. user_defined_types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-user-mapping-options.html');" title="36.59. user_mapping_options"> 36.59. user_mapping_options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-user-mappings.html');" title="36.60. user_mappings"> 36.60. user_mappings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-view-column-usage.html');" title="36.61. view_column_usage"> 36.61. view_column_usage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-view-routine-usage.html');" title="36.62. view_routine_usage"> 36.62. view_routine_usage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-view-table-usage.html');" title="36.63. view_table_usage"> 36.63. view_table_usage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/infoschema-views.html');" title="36.64. views"> 36.64. views </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/server-programming.html');" title="V. Server Programming"> V. Server Programming </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/extend.html');" title="37. Extending SQL"> 37. Extending SQL </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/extend-how.html');" title="37.1. How Extensibility Works"> 37.1. How Extensibility Works </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/extend-type-system.html');" title="37.2. The PostgreSQL Type System"> 37.2. The PostgreSQL Type System </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/xfunc.html');" title="37.3. User-defined Functions"> 37.3. User-defined Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/xfunc-sql.html');" title="37.4. Query Language (SQL) Functions"> 37.4. Query Language (SQL) Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/xfunc-overload.html');" title="37.5. Function Overloading"> 37.5. Function Overloading </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/xfunc-volatility.html');" title="37.6. Function Volatility Categories"> 37.6. Function Volatility Categories </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/xfunc-pl.html');" title="37.7. Procedural Language Functions"> 37.7. Procedural Language Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/xfunc-internal.html');" title="37.8. Internal Functions"> 37.8. Internal Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/xfunc-c.html');" title="37.9. C-Language Functions"> 37.9. C-Language Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/xaggr.html');" title="37.10. User-defined Aggregates"> 37.10. User-defined Aggregates </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/xtypes.html');" title="37.11. User-defined Types"> 37.11. User-defined Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/xoper.html');" title="37.12. User-defined Operators"> 37.12. User-defined Operators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/xoper-optimization.html');" title="37.13. Operator Optimization Information"> 37.13. Operator Optimization Information </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/xindex.html');" title="37.14. Interfacing Extensions To Indexes"> 37.14. Interfacing Extensions To Indexes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/extend-extensions.html');" title="37.15. Packaging Related Objects into an Extension"> 37.15. Packaging Related Objects into an Extension </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/extend-pgxs.html');" title="37.16. Extension Building Infrastructure"> 37.16. Extension Building Infrastructure </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/triggers.html');" title="38. Triggers"> 38. Triggers </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/trigger-definition.html');" title="38.1. Overview of Trigger Behavior"> 38.1. Overview of Trigger Behavior </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/trigger-datachanges.html');" title="38.2. Visibility of Data Changes"> 38.2. Visibility of Data Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/trigger-interface.html');" title="38.3. Writing Trigger Functions in C"> 38.3. Writing Trigger Functions in C </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/trigger-example.html');" title="38.4. A Complete Trigger Example"> 38.4. A Complete Trigger Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/event-triggers.html');" title="39. Event Triggers"> 39. Event Triggers </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/event-trigger-definition.html');" title="39.1. Overview of Event Trigger Behavior"> 39.1. Overview of Event Trigger Behavior </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/event-trigger-matrix.html');" title="39.2. Event Trigger Firing Matrix"> 39.2. Event Trigger Firing Matrix </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/event-trigger-interface.html');" title="39.3. Writing Event Trigger Functions in C"> 39.3. Writing Event Trigger Functions in C </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/event-trigger-example.html');" title="39.4. A Complete Event Trigger Example"> 39.4. A Complete Event Trigger Example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/event-trigger-table-rewrite-example.html');" title="39.5. A Table Rewrite Event Trigger Example"> 39.5. A Table Rewrite Event Trigger Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/rules.html');" title="40. The Rule System"> 40. The Rule System </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/querytree.html');" title="40.1. The Query Tree"> 40.1. The Query Tree </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/rules-views.html');" title="40.2. Views and the Rule System"> 40.2. Views and the Rule System </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/rules-materializedviews.html');" title="40.3. Materialized Views"> 40.3. Materialized Views </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/rules-update.html');" title="40.4. Rules on INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE"> 40.4. Rules on INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/rules-privileges.html');" title="40.5. Rules and Privileges"> 40.5. Rules and Privileges </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/rules-status.html');" title="40.6. Rules and Command Status"> 40.6. Rules and Command Status </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/rules-triggers.html');" title="40.7. Rules Versus Triggers"> 40.7. Rules Versus Triggers </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/xplang.html');" title="41. Procedural Languages"> 41. Procedural Languages </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/xplang-install.html');" title="41.1. Installing Procedural Languages"> 41.1. Installing Procedural Languages </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpgsql.html');" title="42. PL/pgSQL - SQL Procedural Language"> 42. PL/pgSQL - SQL Procedural Language </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpgsql-overview.html');" title="42.1. Overview"> 42.1. Overview </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpgsql-structure.html');" title="42.2. Structure of PL/pgSQL"> 42.2. Structure of PL/pgSQL </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpgsql-declarations.html');" title="42.3. Declarations"> 42.3. Declarations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpgsql-expressions.html');" title="42.4. Expressions"> 42.4. Expressions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpgsql-statements.html');" title="42.5. Basic Statements"> 42.5. Basic Statements </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpgsql-control-structures.html');" title="42.6. Control Structures"> 42.6. Control Structures </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpgsql-cursors.html');" title="42.7. Cursors"> 42.7. Cursors </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpgsql-errors-and-messages.html');" title="42.8. Errors and Messages"> 42.8. Errors and Messages </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpgsql-trigger.html');" title="42.9. Trigger Procedures"> 42.9. Trigger Procedures </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpgsql-implementation.html');" title="42.10. PL/pgSQL Under the Hood"> 42.10. PL/pgSQL Under the Hood </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpgsql-development-tips.html');" title="42.11. Tips for Developing in PL/pgSQL"> 42.11. Tips for Developing in PL/pgSQL </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpgsql-porting.html');" title="42.12. Porting from Oracle PL/SQL"> 42.12. Porting from Oracle PL/SQL </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pltcl.html');" title="43. PL/Tcl - Tcl Procedural Language"> 43. PL/Tcl - Tcl Procedural Language </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pltcl-overview.html');" title="43.1. Overview"> 43.1. Overview </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pltcl-functions.html');" title="43.2. PL/Tcl Functions and Arguments"> 43.2. PL/Tcl Functions and Arguments </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pltcl-data.html');" title="43.3. Data Values in PL/Tcl"> 43.3. Data Values in PL/Tcl </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pltcl-global.html');" title="43.4. Global Data in PL/Tcl"> 43.4. Global Data in PL/Tcl </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pltcl-dbaccess.html');" title="43.5. Database Access from PL/Tcl"> 43.5. Database Access from PL/Tcl </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pltcl-trigger.html');" title="43.6. Trigger Procedures in PL/Tcl"> 43.6. Trigger Procedures in PL/Tcl </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pltcl-event-trigger.html');" title="43.7. Event Trigger Procedures in PL/Tcl"> 43.7. Event Trigger Procedures in PL/Tcl </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pltcl-error-handling.html');" title="43.8. Error Handling in PL/Tcl"> 43.8. Error Handling in PL/Tcl </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pltcl-subtransactions.html');" title="43.9. Explicit Subtransactions in PL/Tcl"> 43.9. Explicit Subtransactions in PL/Tcl </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pltcl-config.html');" title="43.10. PL/Tcl Configuration"> 43.10. PL/Tcl Configuration </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pltcl-procnames.html');" title="43.11. Tcl Procedure Names"> 43.11. Tcl Procedure Names </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plperl.html');" title="44. PL/Perl - Perl Procedural Language"> 44. PL/Perl - Perl Procedural Language </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plperl-funcs.html');" title="44.1. PL/Perl Functions and Arguments"> 44.1. PL/Perl Functions and Arguments </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plperl-data.html');" title="44.2. Data Values in PL/Perl"> 44.2. Data Values in PL/Perl </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plperl-builtins.html');" title="44.3. Built-in Functions"> 44.3. Built-in Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plperl-global.html');" title="44.4. Global Values in PL/Perl"> 44.4. Global Values in PL/Perl </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plperl-trusted.html');" title="44.5. Trusted and Untrusted PL/Perl"> 44.5. Trusted and Untrusted PL/Perl </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plperl-triggers.html');" title="44.6. PL/Perl Triggers"> 44.6. PL/Perl Triggers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plperl-event-triggers.html');" title="44.7. PL/Perl Event Triggers"> 44.7. PL/Perl Event Triggers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plperl-under-the-hood.html');" title="44.8. PL/Perl Under the Hood"> 44.8. PL/Perl Under the Hood </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpython.html');" title="45. PL/Python - Python Procedural Language"> 45. PL/Python - Python Procedural Language </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpython-python23.html');" title="45.1. Python 2 vs. Python 3"> 45.1. Python 2 vs. Python 3 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpython-funcs.html');" title="45.2. PL/Python Functions"> 45.2. PL/Python Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpython-data.html');" title="45.3. Data Values"> 45.3. Data Values </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpython-sharing.html');" title="45.4. Sharing Data"> 45.4. Sharing Data </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpython-do.html');" title="45.5. Anonymous Code Blocks"> 45.5. Anonymous Code Blocks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpython-trigger.html');" title="45.6. Trigger Functions"> 45.6. Trigger Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpython-database.html');" title="45.7. Database Access"> 45.7. Database Access </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpython-subtransaction.html');" title="45.8. Explicit Subtransactions"> 45.8. Explicit Subtransactions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpython-util.html');" title="45.9. Utility Functions"> 45.9. Utility Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpython-envar.html');" title="45.10. Environment Variables"> 45.10. Environment Variables </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/spi.html');" title="46. Server Programming Interface"> 46. Server Programming Interface </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/spi-interface.html');" title="46.1. Interface Functions"> 46.1. Interface Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/spi-interface-support.html');" title="46.2. Interface Support Functions"> 46.2. Interface Support Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/spi-memory.html');" title="46.3. Memory Management"> 46.3. Memory Management </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/spi-visibility.html');" title="46.4. Visibility of Data Changes"> 46.4. Visibility of Data Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/spi-examples.html');" title="46.5. Examples"> 46.5. Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/bgworker.html');" title="47. Background Worker Processes"> 47. Background Worker Processes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logicaldecoding.html');" title="48. Logical Decoding"> 48. Logical Decoding </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logicaldecoding-example.html');" title="48.1. Logical Decoding Examples"> 48.1. Logical Decoding Examples </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logicaldecoding-explanation.html');" title="48.2. Logical Decoding Concepts"> 48.2. Logical Decoding Concepts </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logicaldecoding-walsender.html');" title="48.3. Streaming Replication Protocol Interface"> 48.3. Streaming Replication Protocol Interface </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logicaldecoding-sql.html');" title="48.4. Logical Decoding SQL Interface"> 48.4. Logical Decoding SQL Interface </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logicaldecoding-catalogs.html');" title="48.5. System Catalogs Related to Logical Decoding"> 48.5. System Catalogs Related to Logical Decoding </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logicaldecoding-output-plugin.html');" title="48.6. Logical Decoding Output Plugins"> 48.6. Logical Decoding Output Plugins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logicaldecoding-writer.html');" title="48.7. Logical Decoding Output Writers"> 48.7. Logical Decoding Output Writers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logicaldecoding-synchronous.html');" title="48.8. Synchronous Replication Support for Logical Decoding"> 48.8. Synchronous Replication Support for Logical Decoding </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/replication-origins.html');" title="49. Replication Progress Tracking"> 49. Replication Progress Tracking </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/reference.html');" title="VI. Reference"> VI. Reference </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-commands.html');" title="I. SQL Commands"> I. SQL Commands </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-abort.html');" title="ABORT — abort the current transaction"> ABORT — abort the current transaction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alteraggregate.html');" title="ALTER AGGREGATE — change the definition of an aggregate function"> ALTER AGGREGATE — change the definition of an aggregate function </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-altercollation.html');" title="ALTER COLLATION — change the definition of a collation"> ALTER COLLATION — change the definition of a collation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alterconversion.html');" title="ALTER CONVERSION — change the definition of a conversion"> ALTER CONVERSION — change the definition of a conversion </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alterdatabase.html');" title="ALTER DATABASE — change a database"> ALTER DATABASE — change a database </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alterdefaultprivileges.html');" title="ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES — define default access privileges"> ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES — define default access privileges </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alterdomain.html');" title="ALTER DOMAIN — change the definition of a domain"> ALTER DOMAIN — change the definition of a domain </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-altereventtrigger.html');" title="ALTER EVENT TRIGGER — change the definition of an event trigger"> ALTER EVENT TRIGGER — change the definition of an event trigger </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alterextension.html');" title="ALTER EXTENSION — change the definition of an extension"> ALTER EXTENSION — change the definition of an extension </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alterforeigndatawrapper.html');" title="ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER — change the definition of a foreign-data wrapper"> ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER — change the definition of a foreign-data wrapper </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alterforeigntable.html');" title="ALTER FOREIGN TABLE — change the definition of a foreign table"> ALTER FOREIGN TABLE — change the definition of a foreign table </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alterfunction.html');" title="ALTER FUNCTION — change the definition of a function"> ALTER FUNCTION — change the definition of a function </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-altergroup.html');" title="ALTER GROUP — change role name or membership"> ALTER GROUP — change role name or membership </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alterindex.html');" title="ALTER INDEX — change the definition of an index"> ALTER INDEX — change the definition of an index </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alterlanguage.html');" title="ALTER LANGUAGE — change the definition of a procedural language"> ALTER LANGUAGE — change the definition of a procedural language </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alterlargeobject.html');" title="ALTER LARGE OBJECT — change the definition of a large object"> ALTER LARGE OBJECT — change the definition of a large object </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-altermaterializedview.html');" title="ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW — change the definition of a materialized view"> ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW — change the definition of a materialized view </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alteroperator.html');" title="ALTER OPERATOR — change the definition of an operator"> ALTER OPERATOR — change the definition of an operator </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alteropclass.html');" title="ALTER OPERATOR CLASS — change the definition of an operator class"> ALTER OPERATOR CLASS — change the definition of an operator class </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alteropfamily.html');" title="ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY — change the definition of an operator family"> ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY — change the definition of an operator family </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alterpolicy.html');" title="ALTER POLICY — change the definition of a row level security policy"> ALTER POLICY — change the definition of a row level security policy </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alterpublication.html');" title="ALTER PUBLICATION — change the definition of a publication"> ALTER PUBLICATION — change the definition of a publication </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alterrole.html');" title="ALTER ROLE — change a database role"> ALTER ROLE — change a database role </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alterrule.html');" title="ALTER RULE — change the definition of a rule"> ALTER RULE — change the definition of a rule </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alterschema.html');" title="ALTER SCHEMA — change the definition of a schema"> ALTER SCHEMA — change the definition of a schema </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-altersequence.html');" title="ALTER SEQUENCE — change the definition of a sequence generator"> ALTER SEQUENCE — change the definition of a sequence generator </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alterserver.html');" title="ALTER SERVER — change the definition of a foreign server"> ALTER SERVER — change the definition of a foreign server </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alterstatistics.html');" title="ALTER STATISTICS — change the definition of an extended statistics object"> ALTER STATISTICS — change the definition of an extended statistics object </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-altersubscription.html');" title="ALTER SUBSCRIPTION — change the definition of a subscription"> ALTER SUBSCRIPTION — change the definition of a subscription </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-altersystem.html');" title="ALTER SYSTEM — change a server configuration parameter"> ALTER SYSTEM — change a server configuration parameter </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-altertable.html');" title="ALTER TABLE — change the definition of a table"> ALTER TABLE — change the definition of a table </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-altertablespace.html');" title="ALTER TABLESPACE — change the definition of a tablespace"> ALTER TABLESPACE — change the definition of a tablespace </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-altertsconfig.html');" title="ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION — change the definition of a text search configuration"> ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION — change the definition of a text search configuration </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-altertsdictionary.html');" title="ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY — change the definition of a text search dictionary"> ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY — change the definition of a text search dictionary </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-altertsparser.html');" title="ALTER TEXT SEARCH PARSER — change the definition of a text search parser"> ALTER TEXT SEARCH PARSER — change the definition of a text search parser </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-altertstemplate.html');" title="ALTER TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE — change the definition of a text search template"> ALTER TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE — change the definition of a text search template </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-altertrigger.html');" title="ALTER TRIGGER — change the definition of a trigger"> ALTER TRIGGER — change the definition of a trigger </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-altertype.html');" title="ALTER TYPE — change the definition of a type"> ALTER TYPE — change the definition of a type </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alteruser.html');" title="ALTER USER — change a database role"> ALTER USER — change a database role </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alterusermapping.html');" title="ALTER USER MAPPING — change the definition of a user mapping"> ALTER USER MAPPING — change the definition of a user mapping </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-alterview.html');" title="ALTER VIEW — change the definition of a view"> ALTER VIEW — change the definition of a view </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-analyze.html');" title="ANALYZE — collect statistics about a database"> ANALYZE — collect statistics about a database </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-begin.html');" title="BEGIN — start a transaction block"> BEGIN — start a transaction block </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-checkpoint.html');" title="CHECKPOINT — force a write-ahead log checkpoint"> CHECKPOINT — force a write-ahead log checkpoint </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-close.html');" title="CLOSE — close a cursor"> CLOSE — close a cursor </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-cluster.html');" title="CLUSTER — cluster a table according to an index"> CLUSTER — cluster a table according to an index </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-comment.html');" title="COMMENT — define or change the comment of an object"> COMMENT — define or change the comment of an object </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-commit.html');" title="COMMIT — commit the current transaction"> COMMIT — commit the current transaction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-commit-prepared.html');" title="COMMIT PREPARED — commit a transaction that was earlier prepared for two-phase commit"> COMMIT PREPARED — commit a transaction that was earlier prepared for two-phase commit </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-copy.html');" title="COPY — copy data between a file and a table"> COPY — copy data between a file and a table </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-create-access-method.html');" title="CREATE ACCESS METHOD — define a new access method"> CREATE ACCESS METHOD — define a new access method </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createaggregate.html');" title="CREATE AGGREGATE — define a new aggregate function"> CREATE AGGREGATE — define a new aggregate function </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createcast.html');" title="CREATE CAST — define a new cast"> CREATE CAST — define a new cast </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createcollation.html');" title="CREATE COLLATION — define a new collation"> CREATE COLLATION — define a new collation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createconversion.html');" title="CREATE CONVERSION — define a new encoding conversion"> CREATE CONVERSION — define a new encoding conversion </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createdatabase.html');" title="CREATE DATABASE — create a new database"> CREATE DATABASE — create a new database </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createdomain.html');" title="CREATE DOMAIN — define a new domain"> CREATE DOMAIN — define a new domain </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createeventtrigger.html');" title="CREATE EVENT TRIGGER — define a new event trigger"> CREATE EVENT TRIGGER — define a new event trigger </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createextension.html');" title="CREATE EXTENSION — install an extension"> CREATE EXTENSION — install an extension </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createforeigndatawrapper.html');" title="CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER — define a new foreign-data wrapper"> CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER — define a new foreign-data wrapper </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createforeigntable.html');" title="CREATE FOREIGN TABLE — define a new foreign table"> CREATE FOREIGN TABLE — define a new foreign table </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createfunction.html');" title="CREATE FUNCTION — define a new function"> CREATE FUNCTION — define a new function </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-creategroup.html');" title="CREATE GROUP — define a new database role"> CREATE GROUP — define a new database role </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createindex.html');" title="CREATE INDEX — define a new index"> CREATE INDEX — define a new index </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createlanguage.html');" title="CREATE LANGUAGE — define a new procedural language"> CREATE LANGUAGE — define a new procedural language </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-creatematerializedview.html');" title="CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW — define a new materialized view"> CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW — define a new materialized view </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createoperator.html');" title="CREATE OPERATOR — define a new operator"> CREATE OPERATOR — define a new operator </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createopclass.html');" title="CREATE OPERATOR CLASS — define a new operator class"> CREATE OPERATOR CLASS — define a new operator class </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createopfamily.html');" title="CREATE OPERATOR FAMILY — define a new operator family"> CREATE OPERATOR FAMILY — define a new operator family </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createpolicy.html');" title="CREATE POLICY — define a new row level security policy for a table"> CREATE POLICY — define a new row level security policy for a table </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createpublication.html');" title="CREATE PUBLICATION — define a new publication"> CREATE PUBLICATION — define a new publication </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createrole.html');" title="CREATE ROLE — define a new database role"> CREATE ROLE — define a new database role </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createrule.html');" title="CREATE RULE — define a new rewrite rule"> CREATE RULE — define a new rewrite rule </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createschema.html');" title="CREATE SCHEMA — define a new schema"> CREATE SCHEMA — define a new schema </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createsequence.html');" title="CREATE SEQUENCE — define a new sequence generator"> CREATE SEQUENCE — define a new sequence generator </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createserver.html');" title="CREATE SERVER — define a new foreign server"> CREATE SERVER — define a new foreign server </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createstatistics.html');" title="CREATE STATISTICS — define extended statistics"> CREATE STATISTICS — define extended statistics </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createsubscription.html');" title="CREATE SUBSCRIPTION — define a new subscription"> CREATE SUBSCRIPTION — define a new subscription </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createtable.html');" title="CREATE TABLE — define a new table"> CREATE TABLE — define a new table </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createtableas.html');" title="CREATE TABLE AS — define a new table from the results of a query"> CREATE TABLE AS — define a new table from the results of a query </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createtablespace.html');" title="CREATE TABLESPACE — define a new tablespace"> CREATE TABLESPACE — define a new tablespace </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createtsconfig.html');" title="CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION — define a new text search configuration"> CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION — define a new text search configuration </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createtsdictionary.html');" title="CREATE TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY — define a new text search dictionary"> CREATE TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY — define a new text search dictionary </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createtsparser.html');" title="CREATE TEXT SEARCH PARSER — define a new text search parser"> CREATE TEXT SEARCH PARSER — define a new text search parser </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createtstemplate.html');" title="CREATE TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE — define a new text search template"> CREATE TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE — define a new text search template </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createtransform.html');" title="CREATE TRANSFORM — define a new transform"> CREATE TRANSFORM — define a new transform </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createtrigger.html');" title="CREATE TRIGGER — define a new trigger"> CREATE TRIGGER — define a new trigger </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createtype.html');" title="CREATE TYPE — define a new data type"> CREATE TYPE — define a new data type </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createuser.html');" title="CREATE USER — define a new database role"> CREATE USER — define a new database role </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createusermapping.html');" title="CREATE USER MAPPING — define a new mapping of a user to a foreign server"> CREATE USER MAPPING — define a new mapping of a user to a foreign server </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-createview.html');" title="CREATE VIEW — define a new view"> CREATE VIEW — define a new view </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-deallocate.html');" title="DEALLOCATE — deallocate a prepared statement"> DEALLOCATE — deallocate a prepared statement </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-declare.html');" title="DECLARE — define a cursor"> DECLARE — define a cursor </a> </li> 
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-delete.html');" title="DELETE — delete rows of a table"> DELETE — delete rows of a table </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-discard.html');" title="DISCARD — discard session state"> DISCARD — discard session state </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-do.html');" title="DO — execute an anonymous code block"> DO — execute an anonymous code block </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-drop-access-method.html');" title="DROP ACCESS METHOD — remove an access method"> DROP ACCESS METHOD — remove an access method </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropaggregate.html');" title="DROP AGGREGATE — remove an aggregate function"> DROP AGGREGATE — remove an aggregate function </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropcast.html');" title="DROP CAST — remove a cast"> DROP CAST — remove a cast </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropcollation.html');" title="DROP COLLATION — remove a collation"> DROP COLLATION — remove a collation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropconversion.html');" title="DROP CONVERSION — remove a conversion"> DROP CONVERSION — remove a conversion </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropdatabase.html');" title="DROP DATABASE — remove a database"> DROP DATABASE — remove a database </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropdomain.html');" title="DROP DOMAIN — remove a domain"> DROP DOMAIN — remove a domain </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropeventtrigger.html');" title="DROP EVENT TRIGGER — remove an event trigger"> DROP EVENT TRIGGER — remove an event trigger </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropextension.html');" title="DROP EXTENSION — remove an extension"> DROP EXTENSION — remove an extension </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropforeigndatawrapper.html');" title="DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER — remove a foreign-data wrapper"> DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER — remove a foreign-data wrapper </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropforeigntable.html');" title="DROP FOREIGN TABLE — remove a foreign table"> DROP FOREIGN TABLE — remove a foreign table </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropfunction.html');" title="DROP FUNCTION — remove a function"> DROP FUNCTION — remove a function </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropgroup.html');" title="DROP GROUP — remove a database role"> DROP GROUP — remove a database role </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropindex.html');" title="DROP INDEX — remove an index"> DROP INDEX — remove an index </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-droplanguage.html');" title="DROP LANGUAGE — remove a procedural language"> DROP LANGUAGE — remove a procedural language </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropmaterializedview.html');" title="DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW — remove a materialized view"> DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW — remove a materialized view </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropoperator.html');" title="DROP OPERATOR — remove an operator"> DROP OPERATOR — remove an operator </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropopclass.html');" title="DROP OPERATOR CLASS — remove an operator class"> DROP OPERATOR CLASS — remove an operator class </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropopfamily.html');" title="DROP OPERATOR FAMILY — remove an operator family"> DROP OPERATOR FAMILY — remove an operator family </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-drop-owned.html');" title="DROP OWNED — remove database objects owned by a database role"> DROP OWNED — remove database objects owned by a database role </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-droppolicy.html');" title="DROP POLICY — remove a row level security policy from a table"> DROP POLICY — remove a row level security policy from a table </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-droppublication.html');" title="DROP PUBLICATION — remove a publication"> DROP PUBLICATION — remove a publication </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-droprole.html');" title="DROP ROLE — remove a database role"> DROP ROLE — remove a database role </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-droprule.html');" title="DROP RULE — remove a rewrite rule"> DROP RULE — remove a rewrite rule </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropschema.html');" title="DROP SCHEMA — remove a schema"> DROP SCHEMA — remove a schema </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropsequence.html');" title="DROP SEQUENCE — remove a sequence"> DROP SEQUENCE — remove a sequence </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropserver.html');" title="DROP SERVER — remove a foreign server descriptor"> DROP SERVER — remove a foreign server descriptor </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropstatistics.html');" title="DROP STATISTICS — remove extended statistics"> DROP STATISTICS — remove extended statistics </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropsubscription.html');" title="DROP SUBSCRIPTION — remove a subscription"> DROP SUBSCRIPTION — remove a subscription </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-droptable.html');" title="DROP TABLE — remove a table"> DROP TABLE — remove a table </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-droptablespace.html');" title="DROP TABLESPACE — remove a tablespace"> DROP TABLESPACE — remove a tablespace </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-droptsconfig.html');" title="DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION — remove a text search configuration"> DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION — remove a text search configuration </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-droptsdictionary.html');" title="DROP TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY — remove a text search dictionary"> DROP TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY — remove a text search dictionary </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-droptsparser.html');" title="DROP TEXT SEARCH PARSER — remove a text search parser"> DROP TEXT SEARCH PARSER — remove a text search parser </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-droptstemplate.html');" title="DROP TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE — remove a text search template"> DROP TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE — remove a text search template </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-droptransform.html');" title="DROP TRANSFORM — remove a transform"> DROP TRANSFORM — remove a transform </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-droptrigger.html');" title="DROP TRIGGER — remove a trigger"> DROP TRIGGER — remove a trigger </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-droptype.html');" title="DROP TYPE — remove a data type"> DROP TYPE — remove a data type </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropuser.html');" title="DROP USER — remove a database role"> DROP USER — remove a database role </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropusermapping.html');" title="DROP USER MAPPING — remove a user mapping for a foreign server"> DROP USER MAPPING — remove a user mapping for a foreign server </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-dropview.html');" title="DROP VIEW — remove a view"> DROP VIEW — remove a view </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-end.html');" title="END — commit the current transaction"> END — commit the current transaction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-execute.html');" title="EXECUTE — execute a prepared statement"> EXECUTE — execute a prepared statement </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-explain.html');" title="EXPLAIN — show the execution plan of a statement"> EXPLAIN — show the execution plan of a statement </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-fetch.html');" title="FETCH — retrieve rows from a query using a cursor"> FETCH — retrieve rows from a query using a cursor </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-grant.html');" title="GRANT — define access privileges"> GRANT — define access privileges </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-importforeignschema.html');" title="IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA — import table definitions from a foreign server"> IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA — import table definitions from a foreign server </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-insert.html');" title="INSERT — create new rows in a table"> INSERT — create new rows in a table </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-listen.html');" title="LISTEN — listen for a notification"> LISTEN — listen for a notification </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-load.html');" title="LOAD — load a shared library file"> LOAD — load a shared library file </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-lock.html');" title="LOCK — lock a table"> LOCK — lock a table </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-move.html');" title="MOVE — position a cursor"> MOVE — position a cursor </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-notify.html');" title="NOTIFY — generate a notification"> NOTIFY — generate a notification </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-prepare.html');" title="PREPARE — prepare a statement for execution"> PREPARE — prepare a statement for execution </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-prepare-transaction.html');" title="PREPARE TRANSACTION — prepare the current transaction for two-phase commit"> PREPARE TRANSACTION — prepare the current transaction for two-phase commit </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-reassign-owned.html');" title="REASSIGN OWNED — change the ownership of database objects owned by a database role"> REASSIGN OWNED — change the ownership of database objects owned by a database role </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-refreshmaterializedview.html');" title="REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW — replace the contents of a materialized view"> REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW — replace the contents of a materialized view </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-reindex.html');" title="REINDEX — rebuild indexes"> REINDEX — rebuild indexes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-release-savepoint.html');" title="RELEASE SAVEPOINT — destroy a previously defined savepoint"> RELEASE SAVEPOINT — destroy a previously defined savepoint </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-reset.html');" title="RESET — restore the value of a run-time parameter to the default value"> RESET — restore the value of a run-time parameter to the default value </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-revoke.html');" title="REVOKE — remove access privileges"> REVOKE — remove access privileges </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-rollback.html');" title="ROLLBACK — abort the current transaction"> ROLLBACK — abort the current transaction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-rollback-prepared.html');" title="ROLLBACK PREPARED — cancel a transaction that was earlier prepared for two-phase commit"> ROLLBACK PREPARED — cancel a transaction that was earlier prepared for two-phase commit </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-rollback-to.html');" title="ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT — roll back to a savepoint"> ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT — roll back to a savepoint </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-savepoint.html');" title="SAVEPOINT — define a new savepoint within the current transaction"> SAVEPOINT — define a new savepoint within the current transaction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-security-label.html');" title="SECURITY LABEL — define or change a security label applied to an object"> SECURITY LABEL — define or change a security label applied to an object </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-select.html');" title="SELECT — retrieve rows from a table or view"> SELECT — retrieve rows from a table or view </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-selectinto.html');" title="SELECT INTO — define a new table from the results of a query"> SELECT INTO — define a new table from the results of a query </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-set.html');" title="SET — change a run-time parameter"> SET — change a run-time parameter </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-set-constraints.html');" title="SET CONSTRAINTS — set constraint check timing for the current transaction"> SET CONSTRAINTS — set constraint check timing for the current transaction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-set-role.html');" title="SET ROLE — set the current user identifier of the current session"> SET ROLE — set the current user identifier of the current session </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-set-session-authorization.html');" title="SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION — set the session user identifier and the current user identifier of the current session"> SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION — set the session user identifier and the current user identifier of the current session </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-set-transaction.html');" title="SET TRANSACTION — set the characteristics of the current transaction"> SET TRANSACTION — set the characteristics of the current transaction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-show.html');" title="SHOW — show the value of a run-time parameter"> SHOW — show the value of a run-time parameter </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-start-transaction.html');" title="START TRANSACTION — start a transaction block"> START TRANSACTION — start a transaction block </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-truncate.html');" title="TRUNCATE — empty a table or set of tables"> TRUNCATE — empty a table or set of tables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-unlisten.html');" title="UNLISTEN — stop listening for a notification"> UNLISTEN — stop listening for a notification </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-update.html');" title="UPDATE — update rows of a table"> UPDATE — update rows of a table </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-vacuum.html');" title="VACUUM — garbage-collect and optionally analyze a database"> VACUUM — garbage-collect and optionally analyze a database </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-values.html');" title="VALUES — compute a set of rows"> VALUES — compute a set of rows </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/reference-client.html');" title="II. PostgreSQL Client Applications"> II. PostgreSQL Client Applications </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-clusterdb.html');" title="clusterdb — cluster a PostgreSQL database"> clusterdb — cluster a PostgreSQL database </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-createdb.html');" title="createdb — create a new PostgreSQL database"> createdb — create a new PostgreSQL database </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-createuser.html');" title="createuser — define a new PostgreSQL user account"> createuser — define a new PostgreSQL user account </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-dropdb.html');" title="dropdb — remove a PostgreSQL database"> dropdb — remove a PostgreSQL database </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-dropuser.html');" title="dropuser — remove a PostgreSQL user account"> dropuser — remove a PostgreSQL user account </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-ecpg.html');" title="ecpg — embedded SQL C preprocessor"> ecpg — embedded SQL C preprocessor </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-pgbasebackup.html');" title="pg_basebackup — take a base backup of a PostgreSQL cluster"> pg_basebackup — take a base backup of a PostgreSQL cluster </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pgbench.html');" title="pgbench — run a benchmark test on PostgreSQL"> pgbench — run a benchmark test on PostgreSQL </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-pgconfig.html');" title="pg_config — retrieve information about the installed version of PostgreSQL"> pg_config — retrieve information about the installed version of PostgreSQL </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-pgdump.html');" title="pg_dump — extract a PostgreSQL database into a script file or other archive file"> pg_dump — extract a PostgreSQL database into a script file or other archive file </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-pg-dumpall.html');" title="pg_dumpall — extract a PostgreSQL database cluster into a script file"> pg_dumpall — extract a PostgreSQL database cluster into a script file </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-pg-isready.html');" title="pg_isready — check the connection status of a PostgreSQL server"> pg_isready — check the connection status of a PostgreSQL server </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-pgreceivewal.html');" title="pg_receivewal — stream write-ahead logs from a PostgreSQL server"> pg_receivewal — stream write-ahead logs from a PostgreSQL server </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-pgrecvlogical.html');" title="pg_recvlogical — control PostgreSQL logical decoding streams"> pg_recvlogical — control PostgreSQL logical decoding streams </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-pgrestore.html');" title="pg_restore — restore a PostgreSQL database from an archive file created by pg_dump"> pg_restore — restore a PostgreSQL database from an archive file created by pg_dump </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-psql.html');" title="psql — PostgreSQL interactive terminal"> psql — PostgreSQL interactive terminal </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-reindexdb.html');" title="reindexdb — reindex a PostgreSQL database"> reindexdb — reindex a PostgreSQL database </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-vacuumdb.html');" title="vacuumdb — garbage-collect and analyze a PostgreSQL database"> vacuumdb — garbage-collect and analyze a PostgreSQL database </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/reference-server.html');" title="III. PostgreSQL Server Applications"> III. PostgreSQL Server Applications </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-initdb.html');" title="initdb — create a new PostgreSQL database cluster"> initdb — create a new PostgreSQL database cluster </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pgarchivecleanup.html');" title="pg_archivecleanup — clean up PostgreSQL WAL archive files"> pg_archivecleanup — clean up PostgreSQL WAL archive files </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-pgcontroldata.html');" title="pg_controldata — display control information of a PostgreSQL database cluster"> pg_controldata — display control information of a PostgreSQL database cluster </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-pg-ctl.html');" title="pg_ctl — initialize, start, stop, or control a PostgreSQL server"> pg_ctl — initialize, start, stop, or control a PostgreSQL server </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-pgresetwal.html');" title="pg_resetwal — reset the write-ahead log and other control information of a PostgreSQL database cluster"> pg_resetwal — reset the write-ahead log and other control information of a PostgreSQL database cluster </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-pgrewind.html');" title="pg_rewind — synchronize a PostgreSQL data directory with another data directory that was forked from it"> pg_rewind — synchronize a PostgreSQL data directory with another data directory that was forked from it </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pgtestfsync.html');" title="pg_test_fsync — determine fastest wal_sync_method for PostgreSQL"> pg_test_fsync — determine fastest wal_sync_method for PostgreSQL </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pgtesttiming.html');" title="pg_test_timing — measure timing overhead"> pg_test_timing — measure timing overhead </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pgupgrade.html');" title="pg_upgrade — upgrade a PostgreSQL server instance"> pg_upgrade — upgrade a PostgreSQL server instance </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pgwaldump.html');" title="pg_waldump — display a human-readable rendering of the write-ahead log of a PostgreSQL database cluster"> pg_waldump — display a human-readable rendering of the write-ahead log of a PostgreSQL database cluster </a> </li>
 <li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-postgres.html');" title="postgres — PostgreSQL database server"> postgres — PostgreSQL database server </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/app-postmaster.html');" title="postmaster — PostgreSQL database server"> postmaster — PostgreSQL database server </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/internals.html');" title="VII. Internals"> VII. Internals </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/overview.html');" title="50. Overview of PostgreSQL Internals"> 50. Overview of PostgreSQL Internals </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/query-path.html');" title="50.1. The Path of a Query"> 50.1. The Path of a Query </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/connect-estab.html');" title="50.2. How Connections are Established"> 50.2. How Connections are Established </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/parser-stage.html');" title="50.3. The Parser Stage"> 50.3. The Parser Stage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/rule-system.html');" title="50.4. The PostgreSQL Rule System"> 50.4. The PostgreSQL Rule System </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/planner-optimizer.html');" title="50.5. Planner/Optimizer"> 50.5. Planner/Optimizer </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/executor.html');" title="50.6. Executor"> 50.6. Executor </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalogs.html');" title="51. System Catalogs"> 51. System Catalogs </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalogs-overview.html');" title="51.1. Overview"> 51.1. Overview </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-aggregate.html');" title="51.2. pg_aggregate"> 51.2. pg_aggregate </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-am.html');" title="51.3. pg_am"> 51.3. pg_am </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-amop.html');" title="51.4. pg_amop"> 51.4. pg_amop </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-amproc.html');" title="51.5. pg_amproc"> 51.5. pg_amproc </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-attrdef.html');" title="51.6. pg_attrdef"> 51.6. pg_attrdef </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-attribute.html');" title="51.7. pg_attribute"> 51.7. pg_attribute </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-authid.html');" title="51.8. pg_authid"> 51.8. pg_authid </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-auth-members.html');" title="51.9. pg_auth_members"> 51.9. pg_auth_members </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-cast.html');" title="51.10. pg_cast"> 51.10. pg_cast </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-class.html');" title="51.11. pg_class"> 51.11. pg_class </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-collation.html');" title="51.12. pg_collation"> 51.12. pg_collation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-constraint.html');" title="51.13. pg_constraint"> 51.13. pg_constraint </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-conversion.html');" title="51.14. pg_conversion"> 51.14. pg_conversion </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-database.html');" title="51.15. pg_database"> 51.15. pg_database </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-db-role-setting.html');" title="51.16. pg_db_role_setting"> 51.16. pg_db_role_setting </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-default-acl.html');" title="51.17. pg_default_acl"> 51.17. pg_default_acl </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-depend.html');" title="51.18. pg_depend"> 51.18. pg_depend </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-description.html');" title="51.19. pg_description"> 51.19. pg_description </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-enum.html');" title="51.20. pg_enum"> 51.20. pg_enum </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-event-trigger.html');" title="51.21. pg_event_trigger"> 51.21. pg_event_trigger </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-extension.html');" title="51.22. pg_extension"> 51.22. pg_extension </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-foreign-data-wrapper.html');" title="51.23. pg_foreign_data_wrapper"> 51.23. pg_foreign_data_wrapper </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-foreign-server.html');" title="51.24. pg_foreign_server"> 51.24. pg_foreign_server </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-foreign-table.html');" title="51.25. pg_foreign_table"> 51.25. pg_foreign_table </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-index.html');" title="51.26. pg_index"> 51.26. pg_index </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-inherits.html');" title="51.27. pg_inherits"> 51.27. pg_inherits </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-init-privs.html');" title="51.28. pg_init_privs"> 51.28. pg_init_privs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-language.html');" title="51.29. pg_language"> 51.29. pg_language </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-largeobject.html');" title="51.30. pg_largeobject"> 51.30. pg_largeobject </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-largeobject-metadata.html');" title="51.31. pg_largeobject_metadata"> 51.31. pg_largeobject_metadata </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-namespace.html');" title="51.32. pg_namespace"> 51.32. pg_namespace </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-opclass.html');" title="51.33. pg_opclass"> 51.33. pg_opclass </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-operator.html');" title="51.34. pg_operator"> 51.34. pg_operator </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-opfamily.html');" title="51.35. pg_opfamily"> 51.35. pg_opfamily </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-partitioned-table.html');" title="51.36. pg_partitioned_table"> 51.36. pg_partitioned_table </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-pltemplate.html');" title="51.37. pg_pltemplate"> 51.37. pg_pltemplate </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-policy.html');" title="51.38. pg_policy"> 51.38. pg_policy </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-proc.html');" title="51.39. pg_proc"> 51.39. pg_proc </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-publication.html');" title="51.40. pg_publication"> 51.40. pg_publication </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-publication-rel.html');" title="51.41. pg_publication_rel"> 51.41. pg_publication_rel </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-range.html');" title="51.42. pg_range"> 51.42. pg_range </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-replication-origin.html');" title="51.43. pg_replication_origin"> 51.43. pg_replication_origin </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-rewrite.html');" title="51.44. pg_rewrite"> 51.44. pg_rewrite </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-seclabel.html');" title="51.45. pg_seclabel"> 51.45. pg_seclabel </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-sequence.html');" title="51.46. pg_sequence"> 51.46. pg_sequence </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-shdepend.html');" title="51.47. pg_shdepend"> 51.47. pg_shdepend </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-shdescription.html');" title="51.48. pg_shdescription"> 51.48. pg_shdescription </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-shseclabel.html');" title="51.49. pg_shseclabel"> 51.49. pg_shseclabel </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-statistic.html');" title="51.50. pg_statistic"> 51.50. pg_statistic </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-statistic-ext.html');" title="51.51. pg_statistic_ext"> 51.51. pg_statistic_ext </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-subscription.html');" title="51.52. pg_subscription"> 51.52. pg_subscription </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-subscription-rel.html');" title="51.53. pg_subscription_rel"> 51.53. pg_subscription_rel </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-tablespace.html');" title="51.54. pg_tablespace"> 51.54. pg_tablespace </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-transform.html');" title="51.55. pg_transform"> 51.55. pg_transform </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-trigger.html');" title="51.56. pg_trigger"> 51.56. pg_trigger </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-ts-config.html');" title="51.57. pg_ts_config"> 51.57. pg_ts_config </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-ts-config-map.html');" title="51.58. pg_ts_config_map"> 51.58. pg_ts_config_map </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-ts-dict.html');" title="51.59. pg_ts_dict"> 51.59. pg_ts_dict </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-ts-parser.html');" title="51.60. pg_ts_parser"> 51.60. pg_ts_parser </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-ts-template.html');" title="51.61. pg_ts_template"> 51.61. pg_ts_template </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-type.html');" title="51.62. pg_type"> 51.62. pg_type </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalog-pg-user-mapping.html');" title="51.63. pg_user_mapping"> 51.63. pg_user_mapping </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/views-overview.html');" title="51.64. System Views"> 51.64. System Views </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-available-extensions.html');" title="51.65. pg_available_extensions"> 51.65. pg_available_extensions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-available-extension-versions.html');" title="51.66. pg_available_extension_versions"> 51.66. pg_available_extension_versions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-config.html');" title="51.67. pg_config"> 51.67. pg_config </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-cursors.html');" title="51.68. pg_cursors"> 51.68. pg_cursors </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-file-settings.html');" title="51.69. pg_file_settings"> 51.69. pg_file_settings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-group.html');" title="51.70. pg_group"> 51.70. pg_group </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-hba-file-rules.html');" title="51.71. pg_hba_file_rules"> 51.71. pg_hba_file_rules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-indexes.html');" title="51.72. pg_indexes"> 51.72. pg_indexes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-locks.html');" title="51.73. pg_locks"> 51.73. pg_locks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-matviews.html');" title="51.74. pg_matviews"> 51.74. pg_matviews </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-policies.html');" title="51.75. pg_policies"> 51.75. pg_policies </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-prepared-statements.html');" title="51.76. pg_prepared_statements"> 51.76. pg_prepared_statements </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-prepared-xacts.html');" title="51.77. pg_prepared_xacts"> 51.77. pg_prepared_xacts </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-publication-tables.html');" title="51.78. pg_publication_tables"> 51.78. pg_publication_tables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-replication-origin-status.html');" title="51.79. pg_replication_origin_status"> 51.79. pg_replication_origin_status </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-replication-slots.html');" title="51.80. pg_replication_slots"> 51.80. pg_replication_slots </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-roles.html');" title="51.81. pg_roles"> 51.81. pg_roles </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-rules.html');" title="51.82. pg_rules"> 51.82. pg_rules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-seclabels.html');" title="51.83. pg_seclabels"> 51.83. pg_seclabels </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-sequences.html');" title="51.84. pg_sequences"> 51.84. pg_sequences </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-settings.html');" title="51.85. pg_settings"> 51.85. pg_settings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-shadow.html');" title="51.86. pg_shadow"> 51.86. pg_shadow </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-stats.html');" title="51.87. pg_stats"> 51.87. pg_stats </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-tables.html');" title="51.88. pg_tables"> 51.88. pg_tables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-timezone-abbrevs.html');" title="51.89. pg_timezone_abbrevs"> 51.89. pg_timezone_abbrevs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-timezone-names.html');" title="51.90. pg_timezone_names"> 51.90. pg_timezone_names </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-user.html');" title="51.91. pg_user"> 51.91. pg_user </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-user-mappings.html');" title="51.92. pg_user_mappings"> 51.92. pg_user_mappings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/view-pg-views.html');" title="51.93. pg_views"> 51.93. pg_views </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/protocol.html');" title="52. Frontend/Backend Protocol"> 52. Frontend/Backend Protocol </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/protocol-overview.html');" title="52.1. Overview"> 52.1. Overview </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/protocol-flow.html');" title="52.2. Message Flow"> 52.2. Message Flow </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sasl-authentication.html');" title="52.3. SASL Authentication"> 52.3. SASL Authentication </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/protocol-replication.html');" title="52.4. Streaming Replication Protocol"> 52.4. Streaming Replication Protocol </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/protocol-logical-replication.html');" title="52.5. Logical Streaming Replication Protocol"> 52.5. Logical Streaming Replication Protocol </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/protocol-message-types.html');" title="52.6. Message Data Types"> 52.6. Message Data Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/protocol-message-formats.html');" title="52.7. Message Formats"> 52.7. Message Formats </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/protocol-error-fields.html');" title="52.8. Error and Notice Message Fields"> 52.8. Error and Notice Message Fields </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/protocol-logicalrep-message-formats.html');" title="52.9. Logical Replication Message Formats"> 52.9. Logical Replication Message Formats </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/protocol-changes.html');" title="52.10. Summary of Changes since Protocol 2.0"> 52.10. Summary of Changes since Protocol 2.0 </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/source.html');" title="53. PostgreSQL Coding Conventions"> 53. PostgreSQL Coding Conventions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/source-format.html');" title="53.1. Formatting"> 53.1. Formatting </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/error-message-reporting.html');" title="53.2. Reporting Errors Within the Server"> 53.2. Reporting Errors Within the Server </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/error-style-guide.html');" title="53.3. Error Message Style Guide"> 53.3. Error Message Style Guide </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/source-conventions.html');" title="53.4. Miscellaneous Coding Conventions"> 53.4. Miscellaneous Coding Conventions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/nls.html');" title="54. Native Language Support"> 54. Native Language Support </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/nls-translator.html');" title="54.1. For the Translator"> 54.1. For the Translator </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/nls-programmer.html');" title="54.2. For the Programmer"> 54.2. For the Programmer </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plhandler.html');" title="55. Writing A Procedural Language Handler"> 55. Writing A Procedural Language Handler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/fdwhandler.html');" title="56. Writing A Foreign Data Wrapper"> 56. Writing A Foreign Data Wrapper </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/fdw-functions.html');" title="56.1. Foreign Data Wrapper Functions"> 56.1. Foreign Data Wrapper Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/fdw-callbacks.html');" title="56.2. Foreign Data Wrapper Callback Routines"> 56.2. Foreign Data Wrapper Callback Routines </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/fdw-helpers.html');" title="56.3. Foreign Data Wrapper Helper Functions"> 56.3. Foreign Data Wrapper Helper Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/fdw-planning.html');" title="56.4. Foreign Data Wrapper Query Planning"> 56.4. Foreign Data Wrapper Query Planning </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/fdw-row-locking.html');" title="56.5. Row Locking in Foreign Data Wrappers"> 56.5. Row Locking in Foreign Data Wrappers </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tablesample-method.html');" title="57. Writing A Table Sampling Method"> 57. Writing A Table Sampling Method </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tablesample-support-functions.html');" title="57.1. Sampling Method Support Functions"> 57.1. Sampling Method Support Functions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/custom-scan.html');" title="58. Writing A Custom Scan Provider"> 58. Writing A Custom Scan Provider </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/custom-scan-path.html');" title="58.1. Creating Custom Scan Paths"> 58.1. Creating Custom Scan Paths </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/custom-scan-plan.html');" title="58.2. Creating Custom Scan Plans"> 58.2. Creating Custom Scan Plans </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/custom-scan-execution.html');" title="58.3. Executing Custom Scans"> 58.3. Executing Custom Scans </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/geqo.html');" title="59. Genetic Query Optimizer"> 59. Genetic Query Optimizer </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/geqo-intro.html');" title="59.1. Query Handling as a Complex Optimization Problem"> 59.1. Query Handling as a Complex Optimization Problem </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/geqo-intro2.html');" title="59.2. Genetic Algorithms"> 59.2. Genetic Algorithms </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/geqo-pg-intro.html');" title="59.3. Genetic Query Optimization (GEQO) in PostgreSQL"> 59.3. Genetic Query Optimization (GEQO) in PostgreSQL </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/geqo-biblio.html');" title="59.4. Further Reading"> 59.4. Further Reading </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/indexam.html');" title="60. Index Access Method Interface Definition"> 60. Index Access Method Interface Definition </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/index-api.html');" title="60.1. Basic API Structure for Indexes"> 60.1. Basic API Structure for Indexes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/index-functions.html');" title="60.2. Index Access Method Functions"> 60.2. Index Access Method Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/index-scanning.html');" title="60.3. Index Scanning"> 60.3. Index Scanning </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/index-locking.html');" title="60.4. Index Locking Considerations"> 60.4. Index Locking Considerations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/index-unique-checks.html');" title="60.5. Index Uniqueness Checks"> 60.5. Index Uniqueness Checks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/index-cost-estimation.html');" title="60.6. Index Cost Estimation Functions"> 60.6. Index Cost Estimation Functions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/generic-wal.html');" title="61. Generic WAL Records"> 61. Generic WAL Records </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/gist.html');" title="62. GiST Indexes"> 62. GiST Indexes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/gist-intro.html');" title="62.1. Introduction"> 62.1. Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/gist-builtin-opclasses.html');" title="62.2. Built-in Operator Classes"> 62.2. Built-in Operator Classes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/gist-extensibility.html');" title="62.3. Extensibility"> 62.3. Extensibility </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/gist-implementation.html');" title="62.4. Implementation"> 62.4. Implementation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/gist-examples.html');" title="62.5. Examples"> 62.5. Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/spgist.html');" title="63. SP-GiST Indexes"> 63. SP-GiST Indexes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/spgist-intro.html');" title="63.1. Introduction"> 63.1. Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/spgist-builtin-opclasses.html');" title="63.2. Built-in Operator Classes"> 63.2. Built-in Operator Classes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/spgist-extensibility.html');" title="63.3. Extensibility"> 63.3. Extensibility </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/spgist-implementation.html');" title="63.4. Implementation"> 63.4. Implementation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/spgist-examples.html');" title="63.5. Examples"> 63.5. Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/gin.html');" title="64. GIN Indexes"> 64. GIN Indexes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/gin-intro.html');" title="64.1. Introduction"> 64.1. Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/gin-builtin-opclasses.html');" title="64.2. Built-in Operator Classes"> 64.2. Built-in Operator Classes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/gin-extensibility.html');" title="64.3. Extensibility"> 64.3. Extensibility </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/gin-implementation.html');" title="64.4. Implementation"> 64.4. Implementation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/gin-tips.html');" title="64.5. GIN Tips and Tricks"> 64.5. GIN Tips and Tricks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/gin-limit.html');" title="64.6. Limitations"> 64.6. Limitations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/gin-examples.html');" title="64.7. Examples"> 64.7. Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/brin.html');" title="65. BRIN Indexes"> 65. BRIN Indexes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/brin-intro.html');" title="65.1. Introduction"> 65.1. Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/brin-builtin-opclasses.html');" title="65.2. Built-in Operator Classes"> 65.2. Built-in Operator Classes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/brin-extensibility.html');" title="65.3. Extensibility"> 65.3. Extensibility </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/storage.html');" title="66. Database Physical Storage"> 66. Database Physical Storage </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/storage-file-layout.html');" title="66.1. Database File Layout"> 66.1. Database File Layout </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/storage-toast.html');" title="66.2. TOAST"> 66.2. TOAST </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/storage-fsm.html');" title="66.3. Free Space Map"> 66.3. Free Space Map </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/storage-vm.html');" title="66.4. Visibility Map"> 66.4. Visibility Map </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/storage-init.html');" title="66.5. The Initialization Fork"> 66.5. The Initialization Fork </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/storage-page-layout.html');" title="66.6. Database Page Layout"> 66.6. Database Page Layout </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/bki.html');" title="67. BKI Backend Interface"> 67. BKI Backend Interface </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/bki-format.html');" title="67.1. BKI File Format"> 67.1. BKI File Format </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/bki-commands.html');" title="67.2. BKI Commands"> 67.2. BKI Commands </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/bki-structure.html');" title="67.3. Structure of the Bootstrap BKI File"> 67.3. Structure of the Bootstrap BKI File </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/bki-example.html');" title="67.4. Example"> 67.4. Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/planner-stats-details.html');" title="68. How the Planner Uses Statistics"> 68. How the Planner Uses Statistics </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/row-estimation-examples.html');" title="68.1. Row Estimation Examples"> 68.1. Row Estimation Examples </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/multivariate-statistics-examples.html');" title="68.2. Multivariate Statistics Examples"> 68.2. Multivariate Statistics Examples </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/planner-stats-security.html');" title="68.3. Planner Statistics and Security"> 68.3. Planner Statistics and Security </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/appendixes.html');" title="VIII. Appendixes"> VIII. Appendixes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/errcodes-appendix.html');" title="A. PostgreSQL Error Codes"> A. PostgreSQL Error Codes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datetime-appendix.html');" title="B. Date/Time Support"> B. Date/Time Support </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datetime-input-rules.html');" title="B.1. Date/Time Input Interpretation"> B.1. Date/Time Input Interpretation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datetime-invalid-input.html');" title="B.2. Handling of Invalid or Ambiguous Timestamps"> B.2. Handling of Invalid or Ambiguous Timestamps </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datetime-keywords.html');" title="B.3. Date/Time Key Words"> B.3. Date/Time Key Words </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datetime-config-files.html');" title="B.4. Date/Time Configuration Files"> B.4. Date/Time Configuration Files </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datetime-units-history.html');" title="B.5. History of Units"> B.5. History of Units </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-keywords-appendix.html');" title="C. SQL Key Words"> C. SQL Key Words </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/features.html');" title="D. SQL Conformance"> D. SQL Conformance </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/features-sql-standard.html');" title="D.1. Supported Features"> D.1. Supported Features </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/unsupported-features-sql-standard.html');" title="D.2. Unsupported Features"> D.2. Unsupported Features </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/xml-limits-conformance.html');" title="D.3. XML Limits and Conformance to SQL/XML"> D.3. XML Limits and Conformance to SQL/XML </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/release.html');" title="E. Release Notes"> E. Release Notes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/release-10-13.html');" title="E.1. Release 10.13"> E.1. Release 10.13 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/release-10-12.html');" title="E.2. Release 10.12"> E.2. Release 10.12 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/release-10-11.html');" title="E.3. Release 10.11"> E.3. Release 10.11 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/release-10-10.html');" title="E.4. Release 10.10"> E.4. Release 10.10 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/release-10-9.html');" title="E.5. Release 10.9"> E.5. Release 10.9 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/release-10-8.html');" title="E.6. Release 10.8"> E.6. Release 10.8 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/release-10-7.html');" title="E.7. Release 10.7"> E.7. Release 10.7 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/release-10-6.html');" title="E.8. Release 10.6"> E.8. Release 10.6 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/release-10-5.html');" title="E.9. Release 10.5"> E.9. Release 10.5 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/release-10-4.html');" title="E.10. Release 10.4"> E.10. Release 10.4 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/release-10-3.html');" title="E.11. Release 10.3"> E.11. Release 10.3 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/release-10-2.html');" title="E.12. Release 10.2"> E.12. Release 10.2 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/release-10-1.html');" title="E.13. Release 10.1"> E.13. Release 10.1 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/release-10.html');" title="E.14. Release 10"> E.14. Release 10 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/release-prior.html');" title="E.15. Prior Releases"> E.15. Prior Releases </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/contrib.html');" title="F. Additional Supplied Modules"> F. Additional Supplied Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/adminpack.html');" title="F.1. adminpack"> F.1. adminpack </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/amcheck.html');" title="F.2. amcheck"> F.2. amcheck </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/auth-delay.html');" title="F.3. auth_delay"> F.3. auth_delay </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/auto-explain.html');" title="F.4. auto_explain"> F.4. auto_explain </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/bloom.html');" title="F.5. bloom"> F.5. bloom </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/btree-gin.html');" title="F.6. btree_gin"> F.6. btree_gin </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/btree-gist.html');" title="F.7. btree_gist"> F.7. btree_gist </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/chkpass.html');" title="F.8. chkpass"> F.8. chkpass </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/citext.html');" title="F.9. citext"> F.9. citext </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/cube.html');" title="F.10. cube"> F.10. cube </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/dblink.html');" title="F.11. dblink"> F.11. dblink </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/dict-int.html');" title="F.12. dict_int"> F.12. dict_int </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/dict-xsyn.html');" title="F.13. dict_xsyn"> F.13. dict_xsyn </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/earthdistance.html');" title="F.14. earthdistance"> F.14. earthdistance </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/file-fdw.html');" title="F.15. file_fdw"> F.15. file_fdw </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/fuzzystrmatch.html');" title="F.16. fuzzystrmatch"> F.16. fuzzystrmatch </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/hstore.html');" title="F.17. hstore"> F.17. hstore </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/intagg.html');" title="F.18. intagg"> F.18. intagg </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/intarray.html');" title="F.19. intarray"> F.19. intarray </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/isn.html');" title="F.20. isn"> F.20. isn </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/lo.html');" title="F.21. lo"> F.21. lo </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ltree.html');" title="F.22. ltree"> F.22. ltree </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pageinspect.html');" title="F.23. pageinspect"> F.23. pageinspect </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/passwordcheck.html');" title="F.24. passwordcheck"> F.24. passwordcheck </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pgbuffercache.html');" title="F.25. pg_buffercache"> F.25. pg_buffercache </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pgcrypto.html');" title="F.26. pgcrypto"> F.26. pgcrypto </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pgfreespacemap.html');" title="F.27. pg_freespacemap"> F.27. pg_freespacemap </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pgprewarm.html');" title="F.28. pg_prewarm"> F.28. pg_prewarm </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pgrowlocks.html');" title="F.29. pgrowlocks"> F.29. pgrowlocks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pgstatstatements.html');" title="F.30. pg_stat_statements"> F.30. pg_stat_statements </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pgstattuple.html');" title="F.31. pgstattuple"> F.31. pgstattuple </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pgtrgm.html');" title="F.32. pg_trgm"> F.32. pg_trgm </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pgvisibility.html');" title="F.33. pg_visibility"> F.33. pg_visibility </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/postgres-fdw.html');" title="F.34. postgres_fdw"> F.34. postgres_fdw </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/seg.html');" title="F.35. seg"> F.35. seg </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sepgsql.html');" title="F.36. sepgsql"> F.36. sepgsql </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/contrib-spi.html');" title="F.37. spi"> F.37. spi </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sslinfo.html');" title="F.38. sslinfo"> F.38. sslinfo </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tablefunc.html');" title="F.39. tablefunc"> F.39. tablefunc </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tcn.html');" title="F.40. tcn"> F.40. tcn </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/test-decoding.html');" title="F.41. test_decoding"> F.41. test_decoding </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tsm-system-rows.html');" title="F.42. tsm_system_rows"> F.42. tsm_system_rows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tsm-system-time.html');" title="F.43. tsm_system_time"> F.43. tsm_system_time </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/unaccent.html');" title="F.44. unaccent"> F.44. unaccent </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/uuid-ossp.html');" title="F.45. uuid-ossp"> F.45. uuid-ossp </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/xml2.html');" title="F.46. xml2"> F.46. xml2 </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/contrib-prog.html');" title="G. Additional Supplied Programs"> G. Additional Supplied Programs </a>
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<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/contrib-prog-client.html');" title="G.1. Client Applications"> G.1. Client Applications </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/contrib-prog-server.html');" title="G.2. Server Applications"> G.2. Server Applications </a> </li>
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<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/external-extensions.html');" title="H.4. Extensions"> H.4. Extensions </a> </li>
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<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sourcerepo.html');" title="I. The Source Code Repository"> I. The Source Code Repository </a>
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<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/git.html');" title="I.1. Getting The Source via Git"> I.1. Getting The Source via Git </a> </li>
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<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/docguide.html');" title="J. Documentation"> J. Documentation </a>
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<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/acronyms.html');" title="K. Acronyms"> K. Acronyms </a> </li>
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<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/biblio.html');" title="Bibliography"> Bibliography </a> </li>
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<h1>PostgreSQL 10.13 Documentation</h1>
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<h3 class="corpauthor" id="The-PostgreSQL-Global-Development-Group">The PostgreSQL Global Development Group</h3>
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<p class="copyright">Copyright © 1996-2020 The PostgreSQL Global Development Group</p>
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<div class="toc">
<p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p>
<dl class="toc">
<dt>
<span class="preface"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/preface.html');">Preface</a></span>
</dt>
<dd>
<dl>
<dt>
<span class="sect1"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/intro-whatis.html');">1. What is <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span>?</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="sect1"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/history.html');">2. A Brief History of <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span></a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="sect1"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/notation.html');">3. Conventions</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="sect1"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/resources.html');">4. Further Information</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="sect1"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/bug-reporting.html');">5. Bug Reporting Guidelines</a></span>
</dt>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="part"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial.html');">I. Tutorial</a></span>
</dt>
<dd>
<dl>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-start.html');">1. Getting Started</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-sql.html');">2. The <acronym class="acronym">SQL</acronym> Language</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tutorial-advanced.html');">3. Advanced Features</a></span>
</dt>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="part"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql.html');">II. The SQL Language</a></span>
</dt>
<dd>
<dl>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-syntax.html');">4. SQL Syntax</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ddl.html');">5. Data Definition</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/dml.html');">6. Data Manipulation</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/queries.html');">7. Queries</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datatype.html');">8. Data Types</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/functions.html');">9. Functions and Operators</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/typeconv.html');">10. Type Conversion</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/indexes.html');">11. Indexes</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/textsearch.html');">12. Full Text Search</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/mvcc.html');">13. Concurrency Control</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/performance-tips.html');">14. Performance Tips</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/parallel-query.html');">15. Parallel Query</a></span>
</dt>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="part"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/admin.html');">III. Server Administration</a></span>
</dt>
<dd>
<dl>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/installation.html');">16. Installation from Source Code</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/install-windows.html');">17. Installation from Source Code on <span class="productname">Windows</span></a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/runtime.html');">18. Server Setup and Operation</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/runtime-config.html');">19. Server Configuration</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/client-authentication.html');">20. Client Authentication</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/user-manag.html');">21. Database Roles</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/managing-databases.html');">22. Managing Databases</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/charset.html');">23. Localization</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/maintenance.html');">24. Routine Database Maintenance Tasks</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
 <span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/backup.html');">25. Backup and Restore</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/high-availability.html');">26. High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/recovery-config.html');">27. Recovery Configuration</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/monitoring.html');">28. Monitoring Database Activity</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/diskusage.html');">29. Monitoring Disk Usage</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/wal.html');">30. Reliability and the Write-Ahead Log</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logical-replication.html');">31. Logical Replication</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/regress.html');">32. Regression Tests</a></span>
</dt>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="part"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/client-interfaces.html');">IV. Client Interfaces</a></span>
</dt>
<dd>
<dl>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/libpq.html');">33. <span class="application">libpq</span> - C Library</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/largeobjects.html');">34. Large Objects</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/ecpg.html');">35. <span class="application">ECPG</span> - Embedded <acronym class="acronym">SQL</acronym> in C</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/information-schema.html');">36. The Information Schema</a></span>
</dt>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="part"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/server-programming.html');">V. Server Programming</a></span>
</dt>
<dd>
<dl>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/extend.html');">37. Extending <acronym class="acronym">SQL</acronym></a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/triggers.html');">38. Triggers</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/event-triggers.html');">39. Event Triggers</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/rules.html');">40. The Rule System</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/xplang.html');">41. Procedural Languages</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpgsql.html');">42. <span class="application">PL/pgSQL</span> - <acronym class="acronym">SQL</acronym> Procedural Language</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/pltcl.html');">43. PL/Tcl - Tcl Procedural Language</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plperl.html');">44. PL/Perl - Perl Procedural Language</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plpython.html');">45. PL/Python - Python Procedural Language</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/spi.html');">46. Server Programming Interface</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/bgworker.html');">47. Background Worker Processes</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/logicaldecoding.html');">48. Logical Decoding</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/replication-origins.html');">49. Replication Progress Tracking</a></span>
</dt>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="part"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/reference.html');">VI. Reference</a></span>
</dt>
<dd>
<dl>
<dt>
<span class="reference"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-commands.html');">I. SQL Commands</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="reference"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/reference-client.html');">II. PostgreSQL Client Applications</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="reference"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/reference-server.html');">III. PostgreSQL Server Applications</a></span>
</dt>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="part"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/internals.html');">VII. Internals</a></span>
</dt>
<dd>
<dl>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/overview.html');">50. Overview of PostgreSQL Internals</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/catalogs.html');">51. System Catalogs</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/protocol.html');">52. Frontend/Backend Protocol</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/source.html');">53. PostgreSQL Coding Conventions</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/nls.html');">54. Native Language Support</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/plhandler.html');">55. Writing A Procedural Language Handler</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/fdwhandler.html');">56. Writing A Foreign Data Wrapper</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/tablesample-method.html');">57. Writing A Table Sampling Method</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/custom-scan.html');">58. Writing A Custom Scan Provider</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/geqo.html');">59. Genetic Query Optimizer</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/indexam.html');">60. Index Access Method Interface Definition</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/generic-wal.html');">61. Generic WAL Records</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/gist.html');">62. GiST Indexes</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/spgist.html');">63. SP-GiST Indexes</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/gin.html');">64. GIN Indexes</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/brin.html');">65. BRIN Indexes</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/storage.html');">66. Database Physical Storage</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/bki.html');">67. <acronym class="acronym">BKI</acronym> Backend Interface</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="chapter"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/planner-stats-details.html');">68. How the Planner Uses Statistics</a></span>
</dt>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="part"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/appendixes.html');">VIII. Appendixes</a></span>
</dt>
<dd>
<dl>
<dt>
<span class="appendix"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/errcodes-appendix.html');">A. <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> Error Codes</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="appendix"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/datetime-appendix.html');">B. Date/Time Support</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="appendix"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sql-keywords-appendix.html');">C. <acronym class="acronym">SQL</acronym> Key Words</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="appendix"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/features.html');">D. SQL Conformance</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="appendix"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/release.html');">E. Release Notes</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="appendix"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/contrib.html');">F. Additional Supplied Modules</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="appendix"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/contrib-prog.html');">G. Additional Supplied Programs</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="appendix"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/external-projects.html');">H. External Projects</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="appendix"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/sourcerepo.html');">I. The Source Code Repository</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="appendix"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/docguide.html');">J. Documentation</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="appendix"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/acronyms.html');">K. Acronyms</a></span>
</dt>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="bibliography"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/biblio.html');">Bibliography</a></span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="index"><a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/postgre-sql/10.7/reference/bookindex.html');">Index</a></span>
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